industrial revolution Flashcards
changes in manufacturing during the industrial revolution
made by hand to made with machines
made at home to made at factories
factors that led to the rise of industrial production
(Lazy rich people up at Larry’s Really F**king Cats)
L-Europe’s location on the Atlantic ocean
R-geographical distribution of coal iron and wood
P-population skyrockets
U-urbanization
A-improved agricultural productivity
L-legal protection of private property
R-abundance of rivers and canals
F-access to foreign resources
C-accumulation of capital
Changes in Agriculture Spur Industrialization
rural to urrban
how did The Agricultural Revolution helps make the Industrial Revolution possible
puny white entitled stupid asshole
private land
1700’s Wealthy people bought land around villages
Enclosure Movement
Scientific Farming
Agricultural Revolution
Causes: What is “cottage industry”?
Rural, small scale, “low tech” & “do-it-yourself”
People made their own cloth by hand at home and sold it to merchants in the cities.
what was The First Industry to Change because of the cottage system
TEXTILES - cloth/fabrics
What is the “factory system”? What are the pros & cons of this type of production?
Urban & large scale production
Incorporates more technology & “division of labor”
Market is run on supply and demand – capitalism
Improves access to consumer goods
The Factory
put the entire textile process in one location
Building to house all the new textile machines
Always next to a RIVER in the beginning due to the requirement of water power
What do you need to start a successful factory?
Land (Natural Resources ex: Fuel, Food & Raw Materials)
Labor (Workers with Skill and/or Incentive)
Capital (Money Available for Investment)
Innovation (Technology and Entrepreneurship)
Political Support (Government Stability and Encouragement)
Why does the Industrial Revolution Occur in England First?
- England’s access to natural resources like coal and wool.
- Agricultural Revolution: England had already started innovating in agriculture. Workers who could not farm anymore went to the cottage industry and eventually worked in factories.
- England’s overseas colonies and ability to secure raw materials and resources not only helped them industrialize but encouraged more and more industrialization
- England’s government was friendly to private business. New ideas about capitalism and private ownership of business drove the factory system.
- Access to waterways to move materials
what natural resource makes thread for the textile industry?
cotton
Eli Whitney - The Cotton Gin (1797)
Separated the seed from the fiber
Made cotton growing more profitable
Cotton Industry Grows = Slavery Grows in US
Coal
Used as a source of energy = HEAT
More efficient than burning wood
Downside = extremely toxic…but oh well
Mined from deposits in the ground
Deposits often flooded
Need to pump out the water
Steam Engine
1715 Thomas Newcomen = engine to pump out flooded coal mines
Used coal to heat water to create STEAM pressure = energy
1770 James Watt - THE STEAM ENGINE!
CONTINUOUS ROTARY MOTION
Can be used in FACTORIES
FACTORIES could be on land
Steam Transportation
Steam Locomotive
1804 - Richard Trevithick
1824 George Stephenson - Rocket
Manchester to Liverpool railway
Steam Boat
1807 - Robert Fulton
Canals - man-made water highways
