INDUORG (Quiz 2) Flashcards
Directing followers and harmonizing their activities to achieve
organizational objectives. It is said to be the heart of management
process; the most visible among the four functions.
Leading
______________ involves the operationalization of subsidiarity, that decisions could be undertaken at the lower level without need for higher level approval
Delegation of Authority
The desire to become more than you are and all that you can
Self Actualization, Sagacity, Aesthetics
Type of need that refers to the respect from others , status, recognition as well as self respect, confidence, freedom, etc
Esteem Needs
Type of need that refers to the need for love and belonging
Social Needs
Type of need that refers to the need for stability and consistency
Safety Needs
Type of need that refers to the needs for the most basic necessities for life
Physiological Needs
_______ leaders are leadership based on their position in a group. He has assigned authority or legitimate power
Formal
______ leaders are leadership based on character traits (charismatic, outgoing, makes people follow him)
Informal
Define Leadership
- Has nothing to do with seniority
- Has nothing to do with one’s position
- Does not automatically happen the pay grade gets higher
- Has nothing to do with titles
- Has nothing to do with personal attributes
- Is not management
Transfers information from one entity to another by transmitting ideas, facts, thoughts, feelings & values
Communication
Communication channel done through meetings, peer evaluations, performance feedback
Horizontal (Among followers)
Communication channel done through instructions, memo, policy statements, manuals, bulletins
Downward (To followers)
Communication channel done through reports, feedbacks, evalaution by subordinates
Upwards (from followers)
Communication channel done in emergency situations (rarely practiced)
Diagonal (With follower from another organizational unit)
Enumerate the Elements of Communication
Sender
Encoded Data
Medium
Decoded Data
Recipient
Factors of Effective Communication
Credible Sender
Sufficient and Necessary Data
Timely, Efficient, Secure Medium
Accurate Data
Willing and Able Recipient
Ensuring that objectives are achieved according to plan. A process of monitoring performance and
taking action to ensure desired results. It sees to it that the right things happen, in the right ways, and at the right time.
Controlling
Elements of Control (List Them in Order)
Plan (Objective)
Actual
Feedback Information
Alignment Action
Types of Control by Time of Implementation
Pre-Control
Concurrent
Post-Control
Types of Control by Source
Self Control
External Control
Measure of an entity’s potential to get others to do what it wants
Power
Sources of Power to Control
- Legitimate Power from official authority
- Referent Power from charisma
- Coercive power from fear
- Reward power from generous reputation
- Expert power from expertise
Control Process
- Establish Objectives and Standards
- Measure Actual Performance
- Compare Results with objectives and standards
- Take necessary action
Part of the control process where performance objectives are defined and the standards for measuring them are set
Establish Objectives and Standards
Relevant standards are either _____ standards or _____ standards.
Output (Result), Input (Resource)
Part of the control process where measurements must be accurate enough to spot deviations or variances between what really occrus and what is most desired
Measuring Actual Performance
Without _____, effective control is not possible
Measurement
Part of the control process where comparisons of the actual performance is done with the desired performance in order to assess if there is a need for action
Comparing Results with Objective and Standards
Ways of making comparisons include:
Historical Comparisons
Relative Comparisons
Engineering Comparisons
Benchmarking
Part of the control process wherein the individual takes any action necessary to correct or improve things/ processes
Taking Corrrective Action
________________________ focuses managerial attention on substantial differences between actual and desired performance
Management-by-Excepetion
Types of Control by Business Function
HR & Administration
Financial
Production
Marketing
Motivating an employee to comply with
the company’s standards through punishment or reward
Employee Discipline
Employee discipline follows the _________ rule
Hot Stove Rule
Ennumerate the contents of the Hot Stove Rule
- Immediate for employee to associate the penalty/reward to his
action - Impersonal for him to realize its his action, not him, that is
bad/good - Consistent for him & others to be assured of the motivation for
such action - Realistic for him to be able to perform the action that is rewarded
or not perform the action that is penalized - Informative for him to learn from the penalty or reward
- Supportive of employee for him to improve performance
Japanese term referring to an inventory control system used in just-in-time (JIT) manufacturing to track production and order new shipments of parts and materials
Kanban
The goal of Kanban is to:
- Limit the buildup of excess inventory at any point on the production line
- Strives to limit bottlenecks by promoting communication and information sharing between individuals and departments
- Its implementation aims to reduce expenses, provide greater customer satisfaction, more efficient processes, and minimize the risks involved in unforeseen problems
