individualistic theories of crime Flashcards
what did bandura believe about the social learning theory
he believed people learnt that people learn by watching behaviours of others and that aggression can be learned from watching others behave in an agressive manner
where do we primarily learn behaviours from through observational learning
family
cultural symbols e.g. tv
subcultures
what 4 factors increase the likelyhood of immitating agressive models
- arousal event
- learned agressive skill
- expected success/ rewards
- pro-violence values
what was banduras supporting research
bandura had a child sit in a room with an adult and a bobo doll. the child had to observe the adults behaviour, the adult was either playing nicely or beating the bobo doll. then the child was then left alone with the bobo doll, bandura found that the child immitated the adults behaviour
how does the social learning theory link to criminal behaviour
people can easily learn criminal behaviour which will lead to crimes especially if people are exposed to it
what is freuds theory of the psyche
he believed that our unconcious brain is made of 3 different parts, superego, ego and ID. depending on the type of superego you had, you are more likely to commit crime
what are the 3 types of superegos
deviant
weak
strong
how does a deviant superego develop
where your superego has developed with the wrong morals, usually caused by criminal parents
how does a weak superego develo
where you have an absent parent so dont really have a role model so that causes antisocial behaviour
how does a strong superego develop
where you have overly-strict parents and eventually you fellings and desires to rebel builds and one day explodes which causes a rebellious person
what crimes are each superego likely to commit
weak - joyriding, theft
deviant- stalking, or what parents engage in
strong- premeditated murder/violent crime
how does freud theory of the psyche link to criminal behaviour
when a childs superego is developing, the child will internalise there parents and follow the same morals as them so if their parents morals arent correct, the child is likely do have an unbalance between the supperego, ego and ID because the superego is different which will drive the child to commit crime
what is eysencks criminal personality theory
he focuses on how are personality may make us criminal, he says that there are 3 high order personality traits that determine if we are criminal or not. he created a personality test to determine your ENP
what are eysencks 3 high order personality traits
extraversion
neuroticism (emotional instability)
psychoticism
what personality traits are most liely to be criminal
high ENP
