individual therapies Flashcards
rn interventions
coordination of care, health education and promo
pharm, biologic, and integrative therapies
milieu therapy
therapeutic relaitonship
psych assessment
gathering data
complete in any setting (include mental health in general assessment)
review of systems, labs, MSE - mental status exam = current cog process, validate = look at outside sources: previous records, police, ED; sating scale, psychosocial = dimensions of life, occupation, hobbies, sexuality, spirituality, activity, exercise, coping, relationships, general lifestyle
psychosocial interventions - purpose
support pt and fam
non pharm therapeutic techniques
address psychological aspects: societal, familial (w/n fam dynamics, support), cultural (social time)
individual or group therapy
promote mental wellness
psychosocial interventions - examples
music (play, analyze lyrics), education (tm, s/s, etc.), positive self talk (ANT, stinkin thinkin, test with reality testing), self monitoring (journal, at home), communication skills, healthy relationships, play therapy
limit setting (esp in milieu), increase coping skills (rec and therapy), increase self esteem (rec and therapy, hobbies and coping, activity, 3 positive things), decrease stress, relax, spiritual support (cog, experimental, behavioral, not religion, nature, art), provide psychological safety (no wrong answer, contribute in group), give unconditional positive regard (therapeutic com), recognition of relapse s/s (educate), d/c planning (educate)
behavioral
personality consists of learned behavior
personality synonymous with behavior
behavior influenced by conditioning -> pavlov’s dog
conditioning-pairing behavior with condition that reinforces or decreases occurence
3 theories: classical conditioning, behavioral, operant conditioning
based on belief that maladaptive behavior can be changed w/o knowing why its occurring
works best when directed at specific problem
behavioral therapy types: modeling role playing
interact with fear
demonstrate behaviors more effective than current
behavioral therapy types: operant conditioning
tokens or + reinforcement
increase behaviors you want to see
behavioral therapy types: systemic desensitization exposure
phobias
combo relaxation with gradual exposure
behavioral therapy types: aversion therapy
negative stim or removal of + leads to decreased behavior
anabuse = v sick with OH
opposite of operant conditioning
behavioral therapy types: biofeedback
control involuntary bodily responses: BP, HR, brainwaves
stress, pain, abx, HA, ADHD
talk therapies
individual or group
alone or with psychopharm
types: interpersonal
interpersonal talk therapy
v short term: 12 - 16
relationships/communication btw people
focus on relationships by improving functioning and comm patterns
techniques: identify emotion and where it is coming from, express emotion in healthy way, deal with emotional baggage -> how past relationships affect current
cognitive therapies
focus on thoughts/cognitions and propose dynamic interplay btw individuals and env
CBT
CBT - several approaches
based on cog psych and behavioral theory
thoughts cause feelings and behaviors - not external things
change the way we think in order to feel/act better (change actions and behaviors) -> situation doesnt change
brief, time limited, structured (16 sessions)
homework and self counseling skills -> collab effort btw client and therapist
goals identified by pt
accept problem -> better position to use resources to get out of problem
CBT distortions
all have convos with ourselves, have irrational thoughts, try to make more rational
CBT distortions: all or nothing
black or white
CBT distortions: overgeneralizaiton
1 negative event and make it always or never
CBT distortions: mental filter
dwell excessively on negative thought
CBT distortions: discount the +
reject positive experiences, they dont count, fluke
CBT distortions: jump to conclusions
interpret the negative even though no facts
mind reading: conclude someone feels negatively towards you
fortune telling: predict things will turn out badly
CBT distortions: magnificaiton
exaggerate importance of problems and shortcoming, minimize importance of the desirable qualitative
CBT distortions: emotional reasoning
assume negative emotions reflect the way things are
I feel hopeless so I am hopeless
CBT distortions: should statements
directed at self, lead to guilt and frustrations, directed at others = anger and frustration
CBT distortions: labeling
extreme all or nothing, I made a mistake v I am a loser
CBT distortions: personalization and blame
responsible for something that wasnt your fault or under your control, leads to feelings of inadequacy, or blame of others
rational emotive therapy
type of cog
focus on irrational thinking/beliefs
identify activating situations and negative emotions leading to irrational beliefs (more susceptible to dep and MI)
delete must, should, ought, have to -> not useful or sensible, interfere with goal behavior
desired outcome is clients control of behavior and thinking and change in thinking leads to positive change in behavior
ABCs: activating event -> beliefs -> emotional consequence (change beliefs = change behavior)
negative beliefs = more susceptible to dep, anx, other mental disorders
DBT
type of cog
treat chronic suicide commonly with boarderline personality disorder and self destructive behavior, chronic suicidality
combo cog and behavioral techniques with mindfulness
DBT techniques
emotional reg -> manage and label intense moods and emotions
interpersonal effectiveness -> problem solving and assertiveness, say no
distress tolerance
mindfulness -> meditation, be present, when we indulge in thoughts we reinforce emotions and cause suffering
DBT core techniques
problem solving, exposure, skill training, contingency management, cog modification, self management
DBT: 4 primary modes of tm
group skills training, few times/wk
individual psychotherapy 1 on 1, v close
telephone contact
therapist consultation with team meetings -> MD, social, therapist, psychiatrist
