Indirect Testing Flashcards

1
Q

Define an ABI test:

A

Comparison of the systolic pressure at the ankle to the systolic pressure of the brachial artery

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2
Q

When an arterial lumen is narrowed to a critical level, the distal arterial flow and pressure do what?

A

Decrease

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3
Q

Retrograde vertebral flow on the same side as the lower brachial pressure indicates what?

A

Subclavian steal syndrome

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4
Q

What is the average ABI in a supine, resting patient?

A

1.1

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5
Q

Falsely high ABI’s (5-10% too high) will occur in a patient with what?

A

Medial calcification

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6
Q

Medial calcification occurs in what kind of patients?

A

Diabetics and patients on steroid therapy for renal disease

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7
Q

What is normal toe/brachial pressure?

A

> 0.75

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8
Q

Toe pressure is also used to detect what below the ankle and when should they be done?

A

Arterial disease

Should be done when ABI > than 1.3

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9
Q

Describe the ABI classification of >1.0:

A

Normal

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10
Q

Describe the ABI classification of 0.9-1.0:

A

Minimal disease, usually asymptomatic

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11
Q

Describe the ABI classification of 0.5-0.9:

A

Claudication, usually single level obstruction

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12
Q

Describe the ABI classification of <0.5:

A

Rest pain, severe, multilevel disease

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13
Q

Describe the ABI classification of <0.3:

A

Severely ischemic leading to gangrene

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14
Q

Significant lesions with developed collateral circulation results in what?

A

Normal distal pressures and waveforms at rest

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15
Q

What is a normal result of a exercise stress test? (3)

A
  • Little to no drop in ankle pressure after 5 mins of exercise
  • Decrease in post-exercise systolic pressure should be <20% of the resting pressure
  • Systolic pressure should return to normal within 3 mins
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16
Q

What pressures should increase post-exercise?

A

Brachial pressures

17
Q

What does an immediate decrease in post-exercise ankle pressure indicate?

A

Significant arterial obstruction involving the arteries that supply the gastrocnemius and soleal muscles

18
Q

> 20mmHg difference in ankle-brachial pressures indicates what?

A

Significant arterial disease

19
Q

Single level disease is indicated by a recovery time of what?

A

2-6 minutes

20
Q

Multilevel disease is indicated by a recovery time of what?

A

6-12 minutes

21
Q

What does a recovery time >15 minutes indicate?

A

Severe occlusive disease