INDIA LEGISLATIVE HISTORY AND ORIGINS

Question 1

What type of republic is India governed by?

Answer 1

A federal republic governed by a parliamentary system.

Question 2

What document provides the framework for the division of powers between the central government and the states?

Answer 2

The Constitution of India.

Question 3

What are the responsibilities of the Central Government in India?

Answer 3

National defense - foreign affairs - and overall economic policy.

Question 4

What are the responsibilities of the State Governments in India?

Answer 4

Local governance - including law enforcement and education.

Question 5

What is the structure of the Judiciary in India?

Answer 5

An independent judiciary with the Supreme Court at the apex - followed by High Courts in states and subordinate courts at the district level.

Question 6

How have social attitudes toward privacy in India evolved?

Answer 6

Significantly with the advent of digital technology and social media.

Question 7

What are the key factors influencing social attitudes toward privacy in India?

Answer 7

Public Awareness - Cultural Factors - and Digital Literacy.

Question 8

What is the Credit Information Companies (Regulation) Act of 2005?

Answer 8

An act that regulates credit information companies - ensuring responsible collection - processing - and sharing of credit data.

Question 9

What consumer rights are provided by the Credit Information Companies (Regulation) Act of 2005?

Answer 9

Right to access their credit information and dispute inaccuracies.

Question 10

Does the Constitution of India contain any express provisions on the right to privacy?

Answer 10

No - it is implicit in two fundamental rights: Article 19(1)(a) and Article 21.

Question 11

What are the reasonable restrictions under Article 19(2) in the Constitution of India?

Answer 11

State can impose reasonable restrictions in the interest of sovereignty - security - friendly relations with foreign states - public order - decency - morality - contempt of court - defamation - and incitement to an offense.

Question 12

What does Article 21 of the Indian Constitution guarantee?

Answer 12

The right to life and personal liberty - which includes the right to privacy.

Question 13

What does the Right to Information Act of 2005 promote?

Answer 13

Transparency and accountability by empowering citizens to request information from public authorities.

Question 14

What does the Protection of Human Rights Act 1993 - establish?

Answer 14

The National Human Rights Commission (NHRC) and State Human Rights Commissions to investigate human rights violations - including breaches of privacy.

Question 15

What was the significance of the 2017 Supreme Court Judgment on the Right to Privacy?

Answer 15

Recognized the right to privacy as a fundamental right under Article 21.

Question 16

What are the implications of the 2017 Supreme Court Judgment on the Right to Privacy?

Answer 16

Wide-ranging implications for data protection - surveillance - and the Aadhaar system - emphasizing the need for a robust legal framework to protect personal data and privacy.

Question 17

What is the purpose of the Data Protection Bill of 2019?

Answer 17

To provide a comprehensive data protection framework addressing data localization - data processing - and individual rights over personal data.

Question 18

How is India’s data protection regime influenced?

Answer 18

By international frameworks such as the EU’s General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) and guidelines from the International Organization for Standardization (ISO).

Question 19

What practical considerations should be taken for compliance with data protection laws?

Answer 19

Data Audits - Privacy Policies - Employee Training - and Technological Measures.