India Flashcards
Describe the location of India.
located in southern Asia,
the Bay of Bengal to the east
Arabian Sea to the west.
India shares a border with 6 countries including Pakistan to the north west and China to the north.
Identify and describe 2 characteristics of the periphery in India.
Less developed and poorer regions = north and east.
periphery is mainly rural, with few jobs and little economic development. Eg - Bihar
people live below the poverty line and there is a high dependency on agriculture for the economy.
poor infrastructure so difficult to develop.
Literacy rates are low at 64%,
Explain how trade has helped India develop.
removal of trade barriers, such as tariffs, has allowed India to trade more across the global economy.
India has large markets in SE Asia for the manufactured goods it produces.
Though its imports are still higher than exports, they have both seen an increase.
Explain one aspect of the geopolitics of India.
tension between India and Pakistan due to the disputed territory of Kashmir.
tension between China and India as both are vying to be the main superpower in SE Asia, which has led to competition.
India has a non-alignment policy, for Russia and USA so it can stay mutual
Give one positive and one negative impact of the India’s colonial legacy to the UK.
+ = most middle classes of India speak English, this has allowed the development of a services industry such as call centres, which have relocated from England.
- = The English government portioned Pakistan
from India in 1948. The border has led to disputes and tensions between the 2 countries in the Kashmir region.
Explain how growth has led to increased pressure on India’s environment.
Increased car ownership in cities (Mumbai) = more pollution
The 10 most polluted cities are in India due to increase energy consumption = more burning of fossil fuels
As population grows stress for more land increases leading to deforestation
Explain one way india is attempting to be more sustainable.
Smart Cities Mission - working in 100 cities to improve standards of living.
Aiming to improve water supplies, and sanitation, creating affordable housing for the poor.
The development of a large scale solar park scheme aims to increase accessibility to the electrical grid and increase economic growth by providing more power and reducing
India’s reliance on burning fossil fuels.
Explain 2 factors that have led to a change in India’s population structure
Infant and maternal mortality rates have fallen = people are having fewer children = lower proportion of people + more of working age
The government introduced a family planning scheme, that has led to falling birth rates. Life expectancy has increased from 50 years (60’s) to 68. Due to improved health care + living standards = more elderly population
Explain 2 changes that have occurred to India’s economic sectors since the 1980s
GNP from agriculture has decreases from 37.2% to 14.5% due to the increased importance of tertiary and quaternary sectors.
Primary worktorce has also decreased due to the mechanisation of farms
the secondary sector has grown to employ 24% ot the workforce.
Identify and describe two characteristics of the core regions in India.
most developed regions of India eg Mumbai.
Tend to have higher GNP and most of industrial output (Mumbai has 25% of India’s industry).
Higher literacy rates, especially amongst females and higher life expectancy.
What is meant by the Indian diaspora?
The spread of the Indian population and culture abroad.
Important to the economy as they send remittances (money) back to their families in India, which is a vital source of income.
Describe 2 characteristics of the physical and human geography of India.
Physical
• Varied climate from tropical in the south to temperate and alpine in the north.
• Has a monsoon season, which brings vital rain for farming
Human
• Nearly 1.3 billion people live in India (1/6 of world population).
- 80% of population are Hindu, 13% Muslim. Split into 29 states
