Global Develpoment Flashcards
What is meant by the term development?
Development is when a country gets beKer
for the people there.
3 types of development are
ECONOMIC- level of industrialization and use of technology.
SOCIAL- improvements in living standards (better health care, human rights and access to water.)
POLITICAL- stable political system with institutions to meet societies needs.
Explain 2 causes of global inequality.
— land locked,= difficult to trade = slow development
— Colonialism = exploitation of poorer countries by richer ones = unequal trading between countries
Explain 2 impacts of uneven development.
— • People on low incomes may have poorer or vulnerable housing eg shanty towns in cities such as Mumbai.
— • Lack of water security = increase in waterborne diseases = higher deaths + people not able to work
Explain one international strategy to reduce uneven development.
— International aid and debt relief - income for poorer countries = better infrastructure or be invested in improving technology and services such as schools.
— Debt relief - Annual debt repayments can be high, = countries do not have money to invest in services. Debt relief aims to cancel or reduce debts owed.
Explain how top down development might occur through the actions of TNCs.
— TNCs can work with a government to invest in a country. direct foreign investment can create jobs + build up the industry in a country. develops a skilled workforce and brings new technology into the country.
— Concern is that the TNC may have a lot of power and issues of exploiting the workers and poor working conditions.
Explain how bottom up development might occur through the actions of NGOs.
Non-government agencies, = Water Aid will often work with the local communities to provide sustainable projects.
( such as in Kenya to imorove access to sate water and education onl
hygiene.)
Describe how inequality can be measured within countries.
— Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is the total value of goods and services produced by a country in a year.
— Gross National Product (GNP) measures the total economic output of a country, including earnings from foreien investments
What is water security and why is this a problem for some people?
Water security is whether there is a reliable and sustainable source of good quality water to meet everyone’s needs.
The water has to be of acceptable quality as well as quantity to class as being secure.
Lack of water security may be due to poor access to clean water, or may be that demand exceeds supply in some areas.
State 4 factors that affect development.
Economic = average wealth or income, cost of
living, employment/unemployment rate.
Social = health care, access to education,
equal rights.
Technological = services such as internet
connections and access to electricity, technological improvements in farming.
Cultural = political systems, how happy people are
