india Flashcards
what are some forms of concession
indian councils act 1909
democratic reforms 1910
lowered taxes
reunification of bengal1911
restoration of taj mahal
what are some forms of repression
banning of news papers eg kaal and jailing/forced labour for owners eg tilack 1898
divide and rule policy and division of bengal 1905
what were the viceroys 3 aims
protection
peace
profit
what were cerzons 3 key reforms
socioeconomic reforms
defence policy NWFP
partition of bengal
what are some of cerzons socioeconomic reforms
efficiency’s in civil service
lowered taxes
gold standard
imperial cadet corps 1901
new departments eg agriculture
more railways
preservation of monuments
give an example of something curzons reforms ignored
famine
eg1899-1902 one which killed aprox 1 million people
what are some of that challenges curzon faced
education led to more political activity
growing criticism from indian national congress
‘the servants of indian society’ and other social and humanitarian groups campaigned for rights
threat of russian expansion
what country was a threat form india and from what direction
russia
north
who and when did russia previously go to war
afghanistan
1885
who were russia developing close ties with
tibet
what was britain’s response to the threat of russia
try to create a buffer zone along the afghan frontier
when was the north west frontier province created
1901
what lands did the nwfp merge
pashtun land in afghanistan and punjab
what was invaded in 1903-4
tibet
what happened in 1907 (nwfp)
agreement with russia over spheres of influence in persia and independence of tibet
when was the partition of bengal
july 1905 idea
october 1905 goes ahead
how was bengal divided
it separated the muslim majority east from the hindu majority west
how did the hindus react to the partition of bengal
resented loss of property ownership in east
saw it as revenge for criticism of raj
strikes protests and boycotts
what was the name of the hindu movement of strikes protests and boycotts
swudeshi movement
what was the muslim response to the partition of bengal
supported it
saw it as safeguarding muslim pop
created the all india muslim league
increased tensions with hindus
who’s john marley
secretary of state for india 1905-10
who’s the earl of minto
viceroy of india 1905-10
what are some of the marley minto reforms
indian councils act 1909
democratic reforms 1910
reunification of bengal 1911
capital moved from calcutta to delhi
what was the indian councils act
27 indians could be elected from provincial constituencies to the viceroy’s council
what was the democratic reform
135 indians were able to secure a seat
what was the aim of the marley minto reforms
to right previous wrongs
what issues caused opposition in india
tax
partition of bengal
little gov jobs
labour conditions
famines
tensions and violence
what forms did opposition take
newspapers eg kesari and kaal
suateshi movement
young india organisation
what was british response to opposition
imprisonment
banning of newspapers
some listing to orgnisations
what was the indian national congress
founded 1885
mainly hindu
split in 1907
wanted democracy and home rule
what was the muslim league
founded in 1906
wanted to protect muslim intrests and rights
didn’t support self rule until 1913
mainly muslim
