Indefinite Pronouns (Jan 19, 2017) Flashcards
Indefinite Pronouns
someone & something
These indicate that a person or thing is being spoken about without a particular person or thing being identified.
someone
seseorang
something
sesuatu
everything
segala sesuatu
refers to all the things being discussed without them being named individually
Corresponding to English indefinite pronouns beginning with “any” are forms consisting of a question word followed by “saja”.
The interrogative “mana” follows a locative preposition or a noun.
anyone
siapa saja
siapa pun
barang siapa
anything
apa saja
apa pun
barang apa
(at/to/from) anywhere
di/ke/dari mana saja
any
mana saja
any time
kapan saja
any amount
berapa saja
All the above interrogatives except “kapan” & “berapa” can be followed by “pun” instead of “saja”.
anything = apa pun anyone = siapa pun anywhere = di mana pun
If the indefinite pronoun occurs in a ‘noun phrase’ following a negated predicate then a form with ‘saja’ or ‘pun’ is more likely to occur.
They didn’t give any information at all
Mereka tidak memberi informasi apa pun
whatever
apa saja
Alternative to ‘siapa saja’ and ‘apa saja’, though more formal, are the forms ‘barang siapa’ (anyone) and ‘barang apa’ (anything).
This only occur as subject of a clause and are frequently followed by a relatived clause
barang siapa (anyone) barang apa (anything)