Increased Tension 1955 - 1963 Flashcards
Who was King Farouk of Egypt, and what reputation did he have?
King Farouk of Egypt was known for his reputation as a playboy who flaunted his vast wealth.
What fueled resentment towards King Farouk during the Arab-Israeli War?
Resentment towards King Farouk was fueled by his perceived weak defense during the Arab-Israeli War.
Why was there discontent over British involvement in Egypt during the Arab-Israeli War?
Discontent arose due to the continued British involvement in Egypt, with 80,000 British troops guarding the Suez Canal, despite Egypt being an independent nation.
Who became the leader of Egypt in 1954?
In 1954, Colonel Nasser became the leader of Egypt.
What were Colonel Nasser’s three policies?
- Independence from Britain.
- Prosperity - to improve the lives of the ordinary Egyptians.
- Pride
Why did Colonel Nasser view the occupation of the Suez Canal as significant?
Nasser perceived the occupation of the Suez Canal as a symbol of British imperialism.
What action did Colonel Nasser take to address the occupation of the Suez Canal, and what was the outcome?
In response to the occupation, Nasser persuaded the British to leave. The British withdrew their troops, and an agreement was reached that they would not return unless another country attacked the Suez Canal. This move showcased Nasser as a strong leader in the Arab world.
How did Nasser respond to the British occupation of the Suez Canal?
Persuaded the British to leave.
What was the outcome of Nasser’s efforts regarding the Suez Canal?
The British withdrew their troops.
What agreement was reached after the British withdrawal?
The British agreed not to return unless another country attacked the Suez Canal.
What did Nasser’s actions showcase him as in the Arab world?
A strong leader.
What was one of Colonel Nasser’s goals in terms of Arab identity?
Nasser aimed to instill pride in Arabs, encouraging them to believe in their united strength.
How did Nasser’s broadcasts on Cairo Radio affect the perception of Arab states and the West?
Nasser’s broadcasts, heard by millions of Arabs, raised concerns in the West. Arab states saw him as a potential leader of a united Arab state.
What event occurred in February 1955, leading to heightened tensions between Egypt and Israel?
In February 1955, the IDF killed 38 Egyptian soldiers in an Egyptian army headquarters in Gaza as reprisal for the killing of an Israeli cyclist by Palestinian militants linked to Egypt.
How did Egypt respond to the IDF attack in February 1955?
Seeking revenge, Nasser arranged an arms deal with Czechoslovakia, a Soviet ally, acquiring 250 aircraft, 100 self-propelled guns, and 300 tanks.
What event took place in August 1955, leading to further escalation between Egypt and Israel?
In August 1955, the IDF conducted a retaliatory attack on Gaza, killing 72 Egyptian soldiers in response to a raid that killed 11 Israelis. Nasser, in response, made his arms deal public and blockaded all trade through the Straits of Tiran.
What did Britain and the USA offer to Egypt in October 1955, and why?
Concerned about Egypt’s potential alliance with the USSR, Britain and the USA offered to lend $270 million for the Aswan Dam.
What significant decision did Nasser make in November 1955, and what were the reactions?
In November 1955, Nasser nationalized the Suez Canal, planning to use toll money for the Aswan Dam. While greeted with delight in the Arab world, Britain, France, and Israel considered it illegal and a threat to trade.
