Incontinence Flashcards
___% of women decrease activity due to incontinence
90%
Urinary incontinence is significantly associated with ____, especially in adults over the age 65
falls
Across all genders, prevalence of urinary incontinence doubles the risk of experiencing _____.
LBP
What percent of elite athletes report of UI?
females: 45.1%
males: 14.7%
What are the functions of the pelvic floor?
sphincteric
supportive
sexual
stability
sump pump
postural control
breathing
What is the primary stabilizer of the SIJ?
Pelvic floor
What is the antagonist of the pelvic floor muscles?
intra-abdominal pressure
What muscle group are the pelvic floor muscles included in?
spinal stabilizers
Pelvic floor muscles work in conjunction with the ___ in a piston function
diaphragm
What muscle often compensates for weak gluteus medius?
obturator internus
As the diaphragm rises, the pelvic floor (rises/falls).
rises
When does the stretch reflex occur in the bladder?
When the bladder reaches 50% capacity and the detrusor muscle has a slight contraction
What inhibits the detrusor muscle and causes urgency to urinate?
pelvic floor muscle contraction
Contractions of the detrusor muscle can occur for up to ___ hour(s) after initial contraction
1 hour
A person should have __-__ voids/day
5-8 voids (every 3-4 hours)
Those over 65 y/o should have ___ void(s) after bedtime during the night
1 void
Those under 65 should have ___ void(s) after bedtime during the night
0 voids
What is the normal bladder capacity?
400-600 mL
(true/false) you should perform pelvic floor contractions routinely while urinating.
false (you should not)
definition: intravesical pressure exceeds maximal urethral pressure due to an increase in Intra-abdominal pressure in absence of detrusor contraction
stress urinary incontinence
When does stress urinary incontinence occur?
During physical exertion (involuntary loss) and/or with cough/sneeze/laughing
definition: urinary pressure exceeds maximal urethral pressure due to detrusor muscle contraction
urge urinary incontinence
When does urge urinary incontinence occur?
When you don’t want it to…. involuntary loss occurs with strong desire to urinate with a few seconds/minute warning
Pressure inside the bladder (intravesical pressure) is (>/<) maximal urethral pressure
>
definition: UI that is a combination of stress urinary incontinence and urge urinary incontinence
mixed UI
definition: UI as a result of maximal bladder distention that requires medical management
overflow UI
What type of UI is pelvic floor strengthening not indicated?
overflow UI due to a neurologic cause
definition: UI due to mobility, dexterity, and cognitive impairment
functional UI
definition: UI following surgery or medication change(s)
latrogenic UI
The internal urethral sphincter is always on due to _____.
autonomic control
definition: removal of the prostate
prostectomy
(true/false) Pelvic floor muscle strength has been shown to be correlated with FAILED induction of labor
true
Female athletes experiencing UI have (smaller/larger) pelvic floor muscles and (lesser/greater) pelvic floor muscle strength
larger, greater
What are signs of decreased tone?
- most urinary and fecal incontinence
- pelvic organ prolapse
- SIJ pain
- weak pelvic floor contraction
- patients who need a spinal stab
What are signs of increased tone?
- difficulty starting to urinate and/or fully empty the bladder
- difficulty passing bowel movements
- pain/challenge with sexual functions
- orthopedic pain conditions
- poor ability to lengthen pelvic floor muscles
What are the red flags of urinary incontinence?
- urine loss without sensory awareness
- frequent UTI/kidney infections
- abdominal/pelvic pain
- sudden change in symptoms w/o an identified cause
- bloody urine
(True/false) change in hip extensor muscle strength is an independent predictor of continence status.
true
(true/false) decreased pad usage, pelvic pain, increased PFM strength was present in patients who primarily received relaxation training.
true
(true/false) There was a significant difference found in PFM training with vs. without surface EMG feedback
false (there was not)
Bladder training is best if used with ______ to determine bladder patterns.
voiding log
What are bladder irritants?
- citrus
- caffeine
- carbonation
- cocktails
- chocolate
