inberitance and dna Flashcards
what is variation
differences between individuals in the same species
what is discrete variation
Characteristics that fall into separate categories
show discrete variation.
what is continuous variation
Characteristics that
can be measured and
have a wide range of
values
what gene controlled discrete variation
a single gene
what gene controls continuous variation
multiple genes which is known as polygenic inheritance
example of discrete variation
blood group, widows peak , ability to tongue roll ,hand used to write with
example of continuous variation
height, weight ,arm span
how are continuous and discrete variation displayed
continuous - Histogram
discrete - Bar Chart
what is a phenotype
The physical characteristics which are determined by genetic information
what are genotypes
The genes an organism contains that control one particular phenotype.
what are alleles
different forms of the gene
how many pairs of chromosomes does each cell in the human body carry
23
what are homozygous
two of the same alleles
what are heterozygous
two different alleles
what does polygenic mean
many genes
why is predicted vs actual not accurate
because fertilisation is a
random process and usually the sample size is too small to achieve the predicted ratio.
what does it mean to be dominant
alleles only need one copy to be expressed in phenotype
what does it mean to be recessive
need two copies to be expressed in the phenotype
P , F1 , F2 meaning
P - parents
F1 - first generation
F2 - second generation
what is a pedigree chart used for
to show the inheritance of characteristics across a number of generations
What are genes
Small bits of DNA that code for protein
