In The Beginnng

Question 1

When did the Big Bang occurr?

Answer 1

Most astronomers believe it began About 14 billion years ago

Question 2

Describe the Big Bang theory

Answer 2

the universe was inside a bubble grew from being ten times smallef than an atom to being bigger than a galaxy

It was hotter and denser

Question 3

What began with the Big Bang

Answer 3

The universe was born

Time
Space
Matter … All began with the Big Bang theory

Question 4

What happened when the universe expanded and cooled?

Answer 4

Energy changed into particles of matter and anti matter

These two opposite types of particles largely destroyed each other, but some matter survived.

Question 5

As the universe cooled further what happened?

Answer 5

The universe filled with clouds of hydrogen and helium gas

Question 6

What happened when the universe was about 300 000 years old?

Answer 6

It had cooled to 3000 degrees and atomic nuclei could capture electrons to form atoms.

Question 7

What is the evidence for the Big Bang theory

Answer 7

The only direct evidence of the Big Bang theory is a faint glow in space .

Detected as a patchy pattern of warmer and cooler gas ( only space craft and telescopes can see this)

Question 8

What happened after about a 100 million years after the Big Bang theory

Answer 8

Dense and hot areas with more gravity pulled in material and the first stars were formed

Question 9

Name some more evidence for the Big Bang

Answer 9

Red shift: light waves from stars moving away from us will be compressed
Cosmic background radiation
Nucleosynthesis: the formation of new nucleus

Question 10

What is the Christian view of the origins of the universe?

Answer 10

Christians believe that god created the heavens and earth

Question 11

Give two similarities and one difference of planets and stars

Answer 11

Both spherical in shape
Both have made of matter and have gravitational force
Stars are much larger in size

Question 12

What is the hertz sprung Russell diagram

Answer 12

It is a graph that illustrates the relationship that exists between the average surface temperature of stars and their absolute magnitude which is how bright they would appear to be if they were all the same distance away.

Question 13

In the HR diagram what is on the x axis

Answer 13

Average surface temp

Question 14

What variable is shown on the y axis

Answer 14

Luminosity

Question 15

What is the colour of the hottest stars

Answer 15

Blue

Question 16

What colour are the coolest or low surface temp stars

Answer 16

Red dwarfs

Question 17

List the colour of the stars from hottest to coldest

Answer 17

Blue, white, yellow, orange red

Question 18

Describe the characteristics of the stars in the main sequence of the hr diagram

Answer 18

Stable all fusing hydrogen

Question 19

What is the theory most scientists believe that describes how the universe began?

Answer 19

The Big Bang theory

Question 20

More stable particles called protons and neutrons started to form when ?

Answer 20

When the universe was one second old

Question 21

Regarding the BBT Over the next three minutes ( see diagram second page science book) what happened ?

Answer 21

The temperature dropped below 1 billion degrees Celsius

Question 22

Protons and neutrons came together forming hydrogen and helium when?

Answer 22

When the temperature dropped below 1 billion

degrees

Question 23

What were the first galaxies

Answer 23

Large clusters of stars

Question 24

Collisions were common and small galaxies were like two flames merging together forming larger galaxies . Can you name a galaxy that has merged this way ?

Answer 24

The Milky Way

Question 25

What is the surface temp of the sun?

Answer 25

6000 degrees

Question 26

On the Hertsprung Russel diagram most of the stars are classified as what type of star ?

Answer 26

Main sequence ( see HR diagram )

Question 27

SEE HR DIAGRAM

The sun is cooler than the white dwarfs so why do the white dwarfs have low luminosity?

Answer 27

White dwarfs don’t produce energy or light

Question 28

What is the name of the most popular star ?

Answer 28

SUN