In The Beginnng Flashcards
When did the Big Bang occurr?
Most astronomers believe it began About 14 billion years ago
Describe the Big Bang theory
the universe was inside a bubble grew from being ten times smallef than an atom to being bigger than a galaxy
It was hotter and denser
What began with the Big Bang
The universe was born
Time
Space
Matter … All began with the Big Bang theory
What happened when the universe expanded and cooled?
Energy changed into particles of matter and anti matter
These two opposite types of particles largely destroyed each other, but some matter survived.
As the universe cooled further what happened?
The universe filled with clouds of hydrogen and helium gas
What happened when the universe was about 300 000 years old?
It had cooled to 3000 degrees and atomic nuclei could capture electrons to form atoms.
What is the evidence for the Big Bang theory
The only direct evidence of the Big Bang theory is a faint glow in space .
Detected as a patchy pattern of warmer and cooler gas ( only space craft and telescopes can see this)
What happened after about a 100 million years after the Big Bang theory
Dense and hot areas with more gravity pulled in material and the first stars were formed
Name some more evidence for the Big Bang
Red shift: light waves from stars moving away from us will be compressed
Cosmic background radiation
Nucleosynthesis: the formation of new nucleus
What is the Christian view of the origins of the universe?
Christians believe that god created the heavens and earth
Give two similarities and one difference of planets and stars
Both spherical in shape
Both have made of matter and have gravitational force
Stars are much larger in size
What is the hertz sprung Russell diagram
It is a graph that illustrates the relationship that exists between the average surface temperature of stars and their absolute magnitude which is how bright they would appear to be if they were all the same distance away.
In the HR diagram what is on the x axis
Average surface temp
What variable is shown on the y axis
Luminosity
What is the colour of the hottest stars
Blue
What colour are the coolest or low surface temp stars
Red dwarfs
List the colour of the stars from hottest to coldest
Blue, white, yellow, orange red
Describe the characteristics of the stars in the main sequence of the hr diagram
Stable all fusing hydrogen
What is the theory most scientists believe that describes how the universe began?
The Big Bang theory
More stable particles called protons and neutrons started to form when ?
When the universe was one second old
Regarding the BBT Over the next three minutes ( see diagram second page science book) what happened ?
The temperature dropped below 1 billion degrees Celsius
Protons and neutrons came together forming hydrogen and helium when?
When the temperature dropped below 1 billion
degrees
What were the first galaxies
Large clusters of stars
Collisions were common and small galaxies were like two flames merging together forming larger galaxies . Can you name a galaxy that has merged this way ?
The Milky Way
