Chemistry Flashcards
What do we call the horizontal rows in the periodic table?
Periods
Where are metals found in the periodic table?
Column 3- 12
What name is given to the group 1 elements
Alkaline
What name is given to group 7 elements?
Halogens
What name is given to group 8 elements
Noble gases
What do all group 1 metals have in common?
They all have 1 electron in outer shell
Write down the general chemical equation between an acid and a carbonate
Salt + carbon dioxide + water
Write down the general chemical equation between an acid and metal
Salt + hydrogen gas
Write down the general chemical equation between an acid and base
Salt + water
Write a word equation for combustion
Methane + oxygen + carbon dioxide + water+ energy
Describe corrosion and write a word equation
Metal reacts with oxygen and is usually slower then combustion
Iron + oxygen -> iron oxide
Describe decomposition and write a word equation
When a compound break up into smaller parts
Copper carbonate -> copper oxide + carbon dioxide
Describe neutralisation and write a word equation
When an acid reacts with a base and produce a neutral solution
Sodium hydroxide + hydrochloric acid -> sodium chloride + water
What is an isotope? Give an example
Varients of a particular chemical element which differ in the neutron number and consequently in mass number. They have same number of protons in each atom
Describe what an exothermic reaction is and give and example
Chemical reactions that release energy in the form of heat or light. They include Flames, explosions and fireworks.
E.g octain + oxygen gas -> carbon dioxide + water + energy
Describe what an endothermic reaction is and give an example
Chemical reactions that absorb energy are called endothermic
They usually feel cold because they absorb the heat energy from your skin and the surroundings
What are the factors that will influence the rate of a reaction
Temperature
Concentration
Catalysts
Surface area
How does temperature affect the rate of reaction
Particles turn heat energy into kinetic energy. When they get hotter they move faster. When they move faster they collide more often.
How does concentration affect the rate of the reaction
More particles in the same space means more collisions, therefore faster collision
How does catalysts affect the rate of a reaction
Catalyst reduce eh activation energy needed for a reaction. THis means less activation energy means faster reacter
How does surface area affect the rate of the reaction
Larger the surface area the more places for collisions to occur. Increased in surface area allows more collisions at surface, therefore faster reaction
What do we call the vertical columns in the periodic table?
Groups
