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Native Grapes Of Italy > In Class Notes > Flashcards

In Class Notes Flashcards

1
Q

Crossings vs hybrids

A

Crossings are the mix if same species
Eg kerner and muller

Hybrid= mix of 2 species illegal in EU

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2
Q

How many native gvs

A

Over 500 officially recognized
10-15 per year added
Over 200 well rep’d in vineyards

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3
Q

How Italian grapes are named:

A 
1 physical attributes
Colour, shape, bunch shape, size
One of biggest groups of names
Eg: Nero, bianco, rosso, verde prefixes
Can be subtle: ansonica takes name from salo=burnished copper, grapes have bronze hue when ripe 
Physical attributes cont
By the way grapes behave:
Productive capacity
Eg: cattaratto: cataracts/waterfall 
Caricante: derives from Cari cari donkey load

Place of origin:
Very popular roman time
Greco
Malvasia

Name grapes after saints/people

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4
Q

Falanghina

A

Campania, Puglia
Believed to be one of Campania oldest varieties
Derived from Latin falangae (pole)
Poles used to support in vyd similar to phalanx of men military formation
2 genetically distinct falanghinas
First bottled mono in1979 by Mustilli from Sant’Agata dei goti area of Campania

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5
Q

Falanghina flegrea

A

Naples, Caserta mainly
But can be grown anywhere in Campania as well as Molise, Lazio, and N puglia
Cylindrical bunch, yellow green with bloom
Brought back from almost extinction by Martusciello family that propagated it in Campi Flegrei zone

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6
Q

Falanghina beneventana

A

ID later than felegri was
Conical cluster
Believed to originate in Bonea
Was thought to be same as Biancazita variety from Campania coast but not true

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7
Q

Falanghina DOC’s

A 
Blended: 
Falerno del Massico
Campi Felegri Bianco
Capri bianco
Costa'd'almafi bianco
Lacrima christi del Vesuvio bianco 
Penisola Sorrentina
Majority:
Benevento DOC 
   Subzones:
     Taburno falanghina 
      Falanghina Sant'Agata dei goti
      Falanghina guardiolo 
      Falanghina solopaca
Sannio falanghina 
And 50 IGTs
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8
Q

Timorasso

A 
Piedmont
Intensely herbal and mineral 
Resurfaced due to Walter Massa 
Found in southern piedmont 
Aka timuasso 
Was once much more widely planted 
Parentage relationship with Lambruschetto 
Has berries of diff sizes
Floral abortion 
Thin skinned
Doesn't always ripen 
Best known in Colli tortonesi

Crisp high acid very mineral, in ripe stone fruit- similar to dry Riesling
Rediscovered in 2000

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9
Q

Wine terpenes

A

Linalool- herbal-common in lavender and cannabis
Geraniol- rose petals
Nerol- green herbal, lemongrass derivative of blossoms of bitter orange tree

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10
Q

Erbaluce

A

Piedmont
Erba(green) luce (light )
Name is corruption of early dawn light
Aka bianchera, albaluce, ambra, Brian r ousti, uva rustia
Also called Greco and Greco di caluso but this is wrong
Historically high quality wine
High acid, usually canopy trained system called topia
Buds early, high vigour, but susceptible to disease and magnesium deficiency
Appearance: bulbous leaf, round shape
Med sized bunch, elongated round thick skinned berries
2 biotypes, but one has basically disappeared
4 clones available
Planted mainly outside Turin as well as provinces of Biella and Novara
Has been sporadically planted in Lombardy

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11
Q

Erbaluce DOCS(g)

A 
Erbaluce di Caluso DOCG
100%
Has crus: baiarada 
                  Barbetta
                  Castellazzo
                  Feralda
                  Macellio
                  Montasso
                  Sant'Andrea
                  SNt'antonio
                  Santa Croce
DOCG Caluso passito

Other docs
Colline novaresi erbaluce
Coste della sesia Erbaluce

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12
Q

Erbaluce wine notes and styles

A

Still, spk, sweet
Dry: fresh, floral, cloraphyl and apricot

Sweet: tannic quLity, nut, honey, dried fig

Spkling: high acid

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13
Q

Kerner

A

Alto Adige
Needs altitude
Trolling ER& Riesling

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14
Q

Nerello Mascalese

A

Sicily, Calabria
Even in 1080s was unknown grape
Was simply called Nero, and wines vini Nero
Aka: niureddu
Believed to be natural crossing of Sangiovese and Mantonico (sibling of gaglioppo)
Many biotypes
Comical/cylindrical bunch, winged , oval berries that are light blue
Irregular producer
Not resistant to disease
Late ripener
Main home is NE Sicily near towns of Messina and Catania

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15
Q

Nerello Mascalese anthocyanin profile

A

Concentration of peonin and cyanin of over 50%
With low presence of actuated pigments

Some biotypes can range

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16
Q

Messina strait

A

Narrow strait between eastern tip is sicily and western tip of Calabria
Connect the Tyrrhenian Sea to the Ionian Sea

17
Q

Nerello Mascalese Grand crus

A

Randazzo
Linguaglossa
Milo

18
Q

Nerello Mascalese DOCs

A

DOC Etna Rosso 60-80%
Blended with cappuccio

DOC Faro 45-60%
Blended with nerello cappucio, nocera, Nero d’Avola, gaglioppo, Sangiovese

19
Q

Pecorino comeback

A

Late 1970s
Cafini had some planted for personal use
Cocci grifoni bought vineyard, propagated, and originally labeled wine Collivecchio
Now 80 producers

20
Q

Pecorino

A 
Marche, Abruzzo, Lazio, Tuscany, Umbria 
Has sterile base buds so good in pergola system. 
Prefers cooler, very resistant
3 biotypes:
Numerous clones
21
Q

Pecorino DOCs

A 
Marche 
DOC offida pecorino
85% best pure example 
Blender in: DOC falerio dei colli ascolani 
DOC colli Maceratesi

Abruzzo
DOC controguerra -blended
DOC abruzzo max 50%

22
Q

Schioppetino

A 
FVG
Aka
Pocalza, ribolla nera 
Name maybe from "crunchy berry"
Large bunch, large berries, sensitive, late ripener, irregular yield 
2 clones 
Black currant, black cherry
Pepper, high acidity, smooth tannins
23
Q

Schioppettino DOCs

A 
DOC Friuli colli orientali 
100%  
Crus: prepotto
           Albana
           Cialla

DOC Friuli isonzo
Min 85%

24
Q

Schipettino history

A

Was not included in list of official grapes so was illegal to use in 70’s
Paulo Rapuzi in 1975 planted vyd. Was aided by Nonino family who created award for promoting friulian wine
Became allowed by 1977

GCs prepotto & albana

25
Q

Mazzon

A

Best single vyd site for PN in Alto Adige

26
Q

GCs for Carigiano

A

Calasetta and sant’antioco

27
Q

Carignano

A

Sardinia
Traditional not native 400+ yrs in Sardinia
Aka uva di Spagna , axina de Spagna mazuelo (Spain)possible same as Boval Grande
Needs heat and dry
Susceptible to odium
Grown mainly around Sulcis
Does well in sandy soils
Blue fruit, plummy, flinty
Also small plantings in Lazio, Marche, Sicily, Umbria

28
Q

Carignano DOCs

A

DOC carignano del Sulcis
Very old vines

Also included in DOC Sicilia blends

29
Q

Gewürztraminer in Italy

A

Alto Adige
Dry style
Traminer aromatico

30
Q

Grignolino styles/regions

A

D’Asti-perfumed
Monferrato Casale - heavier
Piedmont -

31
Q

Grignolino

A

Wants sun, native to monferrato hills

Aka : balestra, verbesino, arlandino, rossetto, barbesino

32
Q

Genotype

A

TotL DNA that determines phenotype

33
Q

Phenotype

A

The appearance which is determined by genotype

34
Q

Biotype

A

Something that lives in specific area and looks different to another being that is very genetically similar

Each biotype has similar genotype but distinct phenotype in response to environment

35
Q

Clone vs biotype

A

Clone is an exact duplicate, biotype is a progression and eventually to distinct variety as mutations accumulate

36
Q

Mutations

A

There is a limit to how
Much a grape can change as some mutations are not compatible with survival

Also can be a mutation that causes radical appearance change, hits specific area of DNA

Lethal mutations are evolutionary protection.

Native Grapes Of Italy (9 decks)

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