In Class Notes (2/3-2/5) Flashcards
What is ontology?
The philosophical study of being; the study of existence; what it is to be.
What does the term ‘physicalism’ imply?
Mental states are just physical states; only physical states exist.
Define reductionism:
‘Higher’ properties, concepts, etc. can be deduced to or explained by lower properties, concepts, etc.
What is behaviorism?
An attitude that only behavior matters, grounded in studying observable actions.
What does functionalism emphasize?
Not what it is that matters but rather its function; emphasizes the causal approach.
What is property dualism?
Different properties of one entity; different levels of analysis of one thing.
What does substance dualism propose?
Mind and brain are composed of different substances; the mind lacks physical attributes.
What is interactionism?
The mind and brain impact each other.
What is epiphenomenalism?
The brain can impact the mind, but the mind cannot impact the brain.
What is phenomenology?
A research method that studies human experience.
Define heterophenomenology.
An explicitly third-person, scientific approach to the study of consciousness and other mental phenomena.
What is autophenomenology?
Reporting our experiences.
What are the two main views regarding the relationship between mind and body?
- Monistic view
- Dualistic view
Do physical states impact mental states? Or vice versa?
Causal View
Why do we use animals in neuroscientific research?
To improve our understanding of the nervous system and develop treatments for disease and injury when using humans or computer models is not possible.
What is the IACUC, and what is its role?
The Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC) is required for institutions receiving federal research funding. It reviews animal research proposals and ensures the welfare of animals in research.
An interdisciplinary field focused on understanding the ethical implications of neuroscience research and developing best practices:
Neuroethics
Full supporter: Always OK under any circumstance. The good outweighs any potential harm:
Extreme Pro Stance
No animal research is ever acceptable
Extreme Against Stance
Accepts some research depending on factors like:
-Value of research and immediate human health impact
-Species of animal vs. research question
-Minimizing pain and distress
Intermediate Stance
