Impulse-Control Disorders

Question 1

Core of Impulse-Control Disorders

Answer 1

• Relief of tension to do something through instant gratification
• Repeated failure to resist impulses

Question 2

3 Impulse-Control Disorders (ICD)

Answer 2

1. Kleptomania
2. Pyromania
3. Intermittent Explosive Disorder

Question 3

ICD & Conduct disorders that used to be categorized by OCD

Answer 3

Kleptomania & Pyromania

Question 4

What are ICD’s very comorbid with?

Answer 4

• Mood disorders
• Anxiety disorders
• Substance (alcohol) use disorders
• ED
• Gambling disorders

Question 5

Effects of ICD

Answer 5

Impairing, can lead to incarceration

Question 6

Kleptomania definition

Answer 6

Repeatedly fail to resist impulses to steal things

- for reasons other than personal use/gain

Question 7

Prevalence of kleptomania

Answer 7

2/3 of those diagnosed are female, but could be under diagnosed (mood disorder, etc)
-0.6% of population

Question 8

AOO of Kleptomania

Answer 8

14 to 20 in women, earlier in men

Question 9

Treatment for kleptomania

Answer 9

CBT

- used to find triggers and cope with urges

Question 10

Pyromania definition

Answer 10

Repeatedly fail to resist impulses to deliberately start fires

• to relieve tension, not for personal gain
• Frequently, fixation on institutions or paraphernalia of fire
• can watch fires, set off false alarms, become a firefighter

Question 11

Prevalence of pyromania

Answer 11

0.03%, very rare

predominantly male

Question 12

AOO of pyromania

Answer 12

18 years old

Question 13

Treatment of pyromania

Answer 13

CBT + certain meds

- case studies show complete remission

Question 14

Intermittent Explosive Disorder (IED) definition

Answer 14

Explosive outbursts of anger and violence disproportionate
to the situation
- very emotional and impulsive, not premeditative
- verbally or physically aggressive at least twice a week
- usually follows interpersonal conflicts

Question 15

Complication with IED research

Answer 15

Not much research done, mostly looking at aggressive/impulsive acts

Question 16

Reported feelings during/after IED outbursts

Answer 16

Different feelings

• 50% felt panicked, distressed
• 50% felt detached

Tension needs to be relieved, afterwards feel relieved, but also remorseful/embarrassed/disappointed (not psychopaths)

Question 17

Difference between bad behaviour and IED

Answer 17

Impairs life in various areas, can’t handle social situations properly

Question 18

IED prevailence

Answer 18

0. 8-6.2% (most prevalent ICD)

- higher in: military (even higher in those who enlist), clinical pop, males

Question 19

Protective factor against IED

Answer 19

Higher education

Question 20

AOO of IED

Answer 20

10-15 years old

- could be linked to hormones

Question 21

IED comorbidity

Answer 21

• Mood disorders
• Anxiety disorders
• SUD
• PTSD
• Personality disorders

But IED tends to come first

Question 22

Psychological characteristics of IED

Answer 22

• Maladaptive defence mechanisms
• Poor emotional regulation
• Hostile attribution bias (comorbid with BPD)
• More neg affect, less positive affect

Question 23

Biological underpinnings of IED

Answer 23

The corticolimbic circuitry is impaired

- the amygdala activity is heightened, and the orbitofrontal activity is lowered (in response to angry faces)

Question 24

Serotonin levels in IED

Answer 24

Altered functioning

- SSRI’s can be used to treat aggression

Question 25

Social factors of IED

Answer 25

Trauma
- early life, military, interpersonal
PTSD