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PSYC 442 > Eating Disorders > Flashcards

Eating Disorders Flashcards

1
Q

8 Common myths of EDs

A
  1. not serious, lifestyle choice/about vanity
  2. dieting is a normal part of life
  3. They are cries for attention or a phase
  4. Families are blamed for ED’s
  5. Only white, middle class females, particularly teens are affected
  6. You can tell by looking at someone they have an ED
  7. They are trivial or benign
  8. ED’s are for life
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2
Q

3 categories of EDs

A
  1. Anorexia nervosa (AN)
  2. Bulimia nervosa (BN)
  3. Binge eating disorders (BED)
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3
Q

Core aspect of EDs

A

Significant disturbances in eating behaviours and related affect and cognition

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4
Q

History of AN

A

in 60’s and 70’s marked by drive for thinness

  • emphasized familial and developmental aspects of the disorder
  • cases increased

Today: biopsychosocial factor model of AN prevails
- cases stable, AOO decreased

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5
Q

3 core symptoms of AN

A

1, restriction of energy intake

  • leads to sig. low body weight
    2. Intense fear of gaining weight or behaviour that interferes with gaining weight
    3. Disturbance in experience in body weight or shape, don’t recognize seriousness of low body weight
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6
Q

Amenorrhea

A

Lack of mensuration

- no longer a criteria of AN

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7
Q

Subtypes of AN

A
  1. Restricted type: dieting, fasting and excessive excursive
    - linked to anxiety
  2. Binge-eating/purge type
    - linked to impulsivity
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8
Q

BMI and AN

A

a severity specifier

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9
Q

Atypical Anorexia Nervosa

A

all criteria are met, except the weight is in normal range

- 5%-12%

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10
Q

Prevalence of AN

A 
1%
10:1 female to male ratio
- increasing in males too
AOO: 13 years old
- increasing in childhood and middle age
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11
Q

Mortality risk with AN

A

Highest mortality risk among all mental health disorders

- 11x more likely to die than peers

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12
Q

AN comorbidity

A
  • Mood disease
  • Anxiety disorder
  • OCD
  • SUD, esp. alcohol
  • Metabolic disorders
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13
Q

AN relapse

A

30% within a year, 20% present a chronic course

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14
Q

AN recovery

A

Possible, but takes time

- 70% fully recovered within 20 years of treatment

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15
Q

AN organic damage

A
  • Lower grey & white matter volume (cog deficits)
  • Reduced bone density

Recovery is possible

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16
Q

Social factors of AN

A

Drive for thinness
- mediated by internet and magazine exposure, the internalization and comparison

Pressure to diet, which could be average parental pressure

17
Q

Psychological factors of AN

A
  • high perfectionism
  • high anxiety
  • low self-esteem
18
Q

Genetic factors of AN

A

4-6x risk for AN if 1st degree relative has an AN

Monozy 33%-84% vs dizygotic

Genes alter serotonin and dopamine functioning (share risk of metabolic disorders)

19
Q

AN treatment

A

CBT for adults
- works on maladaptive thoughts, feelings and behaviours

Family-focused treatment (for teens)

  • parents in charge of restoring eating patterns
  • in clinical trial, 30-40% recover
20
Q

Bulimia Nervosa history

A

Not known until the 80s
- considered a hidden epidemic

Has a stead prevalence rate over time and decreasing age of onset

21
Q

DSM-5 criteria for BN

A

Recurrent episodes of binge eating

  • recurrent compensatory Behavior
  • at least once a week for three months
22
Q

Prevalence of BN

A

3% to 5% of the population

  • most common in females
  • AOO 16 to 19 years
  • Mortality rate 3.9%
23
Q

Comorbidity of BN

A
  • Mood disorders
  • anxiety disorders
  • SUD
  • BPD
24
Q

Physical complications of BN

A

Bloating, acid reflux, tooth decay, swelling of salivary gland’s, electrolyte imbalances, metabolic disturbances, impaired bowel functioning

25
Q

Psychological characteristics of BN

A

Shared with AN but more likely to be impulsive

  • Fear of gaining weight, low self-esteem
  • trauma
26
Q

Biological etiology of BN

A

57% heritability

  • genes related to dopamine and serotonin functioning
  • Childhood obesity
  • early puberty onset
27
Q

Binge eating disorder (BED)

A
  • Large amounts of food intake in short period of time

- loss of control, inability to control what or how much, stop or prevent binge

PSYC 442 (7 decks)

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