Impulse Control Disorder

Question 1

K-SAS

Answer 1

Self-report measure
11-items self-rated scale
Measure impulse, thoughts, feeling and behaviors related to stealing in past 7 days
Each items is rated on a point - based scale, typically 0-4 or 0-5
Highest scale reflecting the greater severity and duration of symptoms.

Question 2

Characteristics

Answer 2

Salience
Mood modification
Tolerance
Withdrawal
Conflict
Relapse

Question 3

Kleptomania

Answer 3

On-going inability to resist stealing objects not needed for personal use or monetary value

Question 4

Pyromania

Answer 4

Characterized by the impulse to start fire

Question 5

Feeling state theory, Miller, 2010

Answer 5

Addiction is caused by strong association between intensive positive feelings and a specific behavior.
Intense desire+Intense positive feeling = feeling-state
Feeling state = feeling + behavior
feeling-state is all sensations, emotions and thoughts a person experiences in relation to a particular event.
also include physiological arousal increase heart rate, release of adrenaline

Question 6

Biochemical: dopamine theory

Answer 6

People may become addicted to dopamine activating behaviors.
Before & after learning: processing the behavior can cause dopamine releasing: associate to the triggering event
Reward deficiency syndrome (Comings & Bulm)

Question 7

Behavioral: positive reinforcement

Answer 7

The action of the person involved in the compulsive behaviors is positive reinforcement

Question 8

Grant et al, 2008

Answer 8

Opiates.
284 participants (roughly equal split of genders)
double-blind experiments
16 weeks course of opiate Nalmefene /18 weeks course of naltrexone or a placebo.
Y-BOCS
36% or greater reduction in the Y-BOCS for at least one month after study had taken place.
Opiate group : significant reduction in symptoms.
significant individual differences with specific factors contributing to a greater reduction in Y-BOCS scores
Family history of alcoholism and those who received highest dose of opiates showed the greatest reduction in gambling disorder.

Question 9

Glover, 2011

Answer 9

unpleasant stimulus such as nausea or an anxiety-producing image is paired with an undesirable behavior in order to change that behavior:
54 years old woman with 14 year history of daily shoplifting
behavior started after her husband was convicted of embezzlements.
first two sessions: muscle relaxation + imagery of nausea and vomiting
last session: imagined the sickness going away as she replaced the item and walked away without shoplifting
At 19 month check-up, she had decreased desire the stealing with a singe relapse

Question 10

Blaszczynski & Nower, 2003

Answer 10

1. Therapists teach a progressive muscle relaxation procedure
2. Clients visualize being exposed to a situation that triggers the drive to carry out their impulse behaviours, then mentally leave the situation. keep in a state of continued relaxation
   3.The sessions are often audio-recorded to assist with Practicing the technique outside therapy sessions.
   found to be effective in several studies.
   Reduce the strength of compulsive drive by reducing level of psychological and physiological arousal associate with these disorders.
   5 year follow up

Question 11

Miller, 2010

Answer 11

not to eliminate the behaviors itself. but to establish normal healthy behavior

1. Identify behavior
2. Recreate feeling-state in their minds
3. EDMR
4. Reflections
5. Repeat, usually 3-6 sessions