Important people of Psychology history review Flashcards
Who is Plato and what debate was he apart of?
Tripartite theory of reasoning (Heart versus the Heart)
Who is Aristotle and what debate was he apart of?
Followed the cardiac hypothesis of reasoning (Head versus Heart)
Who is Hippocrates and what debate was he apart of?
Followed a medical model to explain mental illness known as the humoral theory, convinced the brain was the major controlling center (Head versus Heart)
Who is Claude Galen and what debate was he apart of it?
Surgeon to the gladiators, also stated the brain was the central organ of cognition, ventricular theory (Head versus Heart)
Who is Rene Descartes and what debate were they apart of?
Followed a dualism approach to scientific study, the body is an automaton with tiny tubes or balloons running into the muscles, interaction is at the pineal gland (Localization versus Holism)
Who is Franz Joseph Gall and what debate were they apart of?
Phrenology – skull features represent underlying brain development, mapped out the skull to represent 27 different faculties of thought, good theory, very poor methodology (Localization versus Holism)
Who is Marie Jean Pierre Flourens and what debate were they apart of?
Was hired by the French government to prove Gall wrong, conducted experiments on pigeons to support holism, good methodology, but bad theory (Localization versus Holism)
Who is Fritsch and Hitzig and what debate were they apart of?
experimentation with the motor cortex of dogs (Localization versus Holism)
Who is Paul Borca and what debate were they apart of?
Published a case of a patient “Tan” who had great language difficulties and suffered left hemisphere damage, “Nous parlons avec l’hemisphere gauche” (Localization versus Holism)
Who is Luigi Galvani and what debate were they apart of?
Discovered bio-electricity accidentally using frog legs hung on brass hooks of an iron railing, believed muscles contained “animal electricity” (War of Soup and Sparks)
Who is Otto Loewi and what debate were they apart of?
Conducted an experiment with frogs’ hearts to demonstrate a chemical interaction between nerves, discovery of first neurotransmitter (War of Soup and Sparks)
