Important Figures and groups 2 Flashcards
Galileo
Italy
Improved the telescope to study planets, confirms Heliocentric theory is correct
Francis Bacon
London
Created the scientific method.
Fahrenheit
Poland
Developed the mercury thermometer and invented Fahrenheit scale
Elizabeth I
England
Dad was Henry VIII, never married or had kids, led her country through war and won, made the church of England protestant, and made (had) religious tolerance.
Columbus
Italy
First to discover the New World (Caribbean islands)
De Gama
Portugal
First to sail from Europe to India
Magellan
Portugal
The first person to circumnavigate the earth. Sails around the coat of S Africa.
Moctezuma
Mexico
Aztec emperor, prisoner of Cortes, believed Cortes was a God.
Cortes
Spain
“Conquering the Aztecs and claiming Mexico on behalf of Spain”
Oliver Cromwell
United Kingdom
played a role in the development of Parliamentary supremacy, helped establish the British army and enhance the navy, and introduced greater freedom of religion than had been seen before
Estates General
France
An assembly representing French Estates, composed of clergy, nobles, and commoners. Had the power to decide on taxes, and new changes in the country.
First Estate
France
Wealthy, clergy
Access to government jobs
Second Estate
France
Wealthy landowners
Paid little tax, well educated
Third Estate
France
Paid almost all the taxes, peasants
98% of French (2 groups)
Bourgeoisie- merchants may have had money, and paid high taxes
Workers & Peasants- often no work, have ½ income to taxes
Sans-Culottes
France
Demanded a republic and do away with the monarchy
