Implicit learning - 4.1 - research

Question 1

Carson and Collins (2016)

Answer 1

psychologists rarely focus on those trying to refine skills

the 5 A model

Question 2

Mullen and Hardy (2010)

Answer 2

those that use holistic goals outperform those that use part-process goals

part-process goals don’t impair test performance compared to baseline

holistic goals provide a more focused, efficient performance

Question 3

Oudejans et al. (2010)

Answer 3

under pressure athletes direct attention towards worries

direct attention towards external factors - self-monitor in order to maintain performance

in line with distraction theories

Question 4

Toner and Moran (2014)

Answer 4

conscious cognitive activity can facilitate performance - in those that have already achieved elite status

can also choose when to use it

Question 5

Toner and Moran (2015)

Answer 5

somatic reflection is an important mediator for continual improvement in sport in elite performers

Question 6

Lam et al. (2010)

Answer 6

RTs unaffected in implicit learners when the task was changed to a more unusual one - likely to have more errors occur/find it harder etc.

Question 7

Uiga et al. (2016)

Answer 7

Movement specific reinvestment is associated with balance performance in young adults.

High propensity for reinvestment is associated with lower complexity during balancing.

Movement specific reinvestment is not associated with balance performance in older adults.

Older adults appear to have minimal access to balance-related declarative knowledge

Question 8

Malhotra et al. (2015)

Answer 8

thinking about the way you move (movement self-consciousness) is associated with putting proficiency

also positively associated with movement performance but only under single-task conditions