Implications of Wider Issues Flashcards
What is the significance of Agbogbloshie Ghana
It is the largest e-waste dump in the world
How might you DSM (design for manufacturing) (6 points)
Minimalize the amount of parts, standardise parts and materials, reduce amount of processes, create modular parts assemblies, make joints efficient, minimalize re-orientation.
How do you design for maintenance? (4 points)
use bolts/threaded connections for disassembly, where possible don’t use coatings/coverings, allow easy identification of parts, use multi functional parts
Materials Impacting the environment (5 materials)
Silver - sulphur dioxide causing acid rain
Iron and steel - recyclable
Woods - need drying a lot of the time require energy
Polymers - made from oil, also oil spills
Natural Fabrics - need a lot of water, wool has lanolin, leather tanning releases carcinogens
How does structural optimisation work
algorithms solve structural issues
How does size optimisation work
explores modifying size related elements, such as beams and thickness
How does iopology optimisation work
Optimises shapes and material use often by using naturally occurring shapes
6 eco friendly materials and why
Wood, can be reclaimed and refinished, Cork and bamboo are quick growing, glass is infinitely recyclable, biopolymers are biodegradable, hemp fabric is fast growing and requires little pesticides
Impact of Cost
using the cheapest components that meet the right criteria, is the product cost or performance driven?
Impact of stock sizes and forms
sometimes stock forms and shapes effect cost and can be a limiting factor
How do companies reduce environmental impact
limiting material, as it also reduces weight for transportation (less fuel). Renewable plant initiative, companies such as toyota using renewable sources, british gass cut out 4.4k tonnes of CO2, ikea aim to use only renewables
What should engineers consider when transporting the product
the product should be safe and undamaged, and it should be transported in a way that it is not harming people, the environment and wildlife. also deciding the best channel of distribution
4 main channels of trasport
manufacturer - consumer
manufacturer - retailer - consumer
manufacturer - wholesaler - consumer
manufacturer - wholesaler - retailer - consumer
packaging and environment (3 points on reducing)
cut down on packaging material, use recyclable materials, increase recycling and recovered
How to make distribution more sustainable
having a central distribution centre, using rail or water, outsourcing to wholesalers to reduce total journeys.
Trade descriptions (4 points)
act making it illegal for a trader to apply misleading statements about the product. applies to all traders, could include faulty products, could result in fines or imprisonment
Sale of Goods Act
1979, protects consumers, giving them rights to money back, making sure the seller is responsible
Product labling
all products must show warnings, or instructions, and in the case of food, nutritional information as well as weight
What does the CE logo show
European conformity, showing it meets regulations and without cannot be sold.
Design rights
protect the original design of unregistered designs, however do not protect 2d aspects e.g patterns
Registered Designs
give you ownership of appearance of the product as well as visual features
patents
protects technical and functional aspects of an invention. covers how it works, how its made, and what its made from. lasts for up to 20 years
trademarks:
apply to logos, slogans, songs, shapes e.c.t. needs to be renewed every 10 years, and needs to be distinctive fair and morally acceptable
copyright
gives exclusive rights for protection for creators original ideas
