Imperialism

Question 1

imperialism

Answer 1

when one country takes control of another country

Question 2

3 reasons for European imperialism

Answer 2

• Economic – Europeans wanted cheap raw material (cotton, wood rubber, and ivory) for their factories & Africa was seen as a potential market for European goods
• Culture – Europeans wanted to spread Christianity to Africa & spread European culture
• Political – nationalism in European countries was strong & rivalries among European countries led to a race to see who could obtain the most colonies

Question 3

“White Man’s Burden”

Answer 3

A poem that spread the idea that people in civilized nations had the duty to spread western culture and ideas around the world

Question 4

2 famous explorers who reported on Africa’s riches

Answer 4

1. David Livingstone – a Scottish missionary who traveled deep into Africa in the late 1860s and disappeared, many thought he was dead
2. Henry Stanley – was hired to travel to Africa to find Livingstone

Question 5

Berlin Conference

Answer 5

where European leaders met to decide how to divide up Africa between them

Question 6

1 important rule that all European countries agreed to at the conference

Answer 6

don’t sell guns to Africans because they could rebel and fight back against the European rule

Question 7

2 countries with the most territory in Africa

Answer 7

France & Britain

Question 8

methods of imperialism

Answer 8

1. direct control – foreign officials brought in rule, no self-rule, paternalism & assimilation
2. indirect control – local governments officials used, limited self-rule

Question 9

paternalism

Answer 9

providing for them their need but not giving them rights

Question 10

assimilation

Answer 10

assuming that local population would adopt to the European culture

Question 11

boycott

Answer 11

to stop buying or using the goods or services of a certain company or country

Question 12

nationalism

Answer 12

pride in one’s country, patriotic

Question 13

King Leopold II

Answer 13

The King of Belgium first to begin claiming controlling Africa territories with Congo

Question 14

What made Ethiopia successful? Who was the leader?

Answer 14

Stockpiled modern weapons (guns), successfully played Europeans off each other
Leader: Menelik II

Question 15

Who created the powerful Zulu kingdom? What happened to the Zulus?

Answer 15

Shaka

lost to Britain, couldn’t handle modern weapons

Question 16

What were some of the movements that helped African countries finally gain independence?

Answer 16

1. outright war, causing death and destruction, Europeans begin to question if this is worth it
2. The Great Depression
   Colonies are expensive to run, value of the raw materials decreased
3. Protest movements, formation of political groups,
   Inspire others (locally and internationally), demand rights and demonstrate a willingness to take action; raise awareness

Question 17

motto of the Pan-African movement

Answer 17

“Africa for Africans”

Question 18

first sub-Saharan African country to gain independence

Answer 18

Ghana

Question 19

effects of colonial rule

Answer 19

positive:

1. reduced local warfare
2. provided hospitals
3. products were valued
4. economic growth
5. lifespan rates increased
   negative:
6. people died of diseases
7. breakdown of traditions
8. lost thousands resisting Europeans
9. boundaries caused problems
10. division of Africa

Question 20

2 difficulties Africa experienced after the Europeans powers left

Answer 20

1. The military leaders overthrew the government by force. They were not always fair since people had very few rights, and citizens may be jailed if they protested
2. Europe did not introduce democracy to Africa. African countries were not properly trained for independence.