impact on voyages

Question 1

who was John Hawkins?

Answer 1

a respected sailor and courtier

Question 2

what did John Hawkins do in terms of the navy?

Answer 2

built up the navy and commanded it against the Spanish Armada

Question 3

what did John Hawkins do in 1564?

Answer 3

kidnapped several hundred West Africans and sold them in South America

Question 4

was the slave trade the first time?

Answer 4

not the first time but the first time it had been carried out by an Englishman

Question 5

John Hawkins was a successful…

Answer 5

privateer

Question 6

what is a privateer?

Answer 6

a ship’s captain with royal permission to attack foreign ships

Question 7

what did Hawkins bring to England (reportedly)?

Answer 7

tobacco

Question 8

what allowed riches to be stolen and brought back to England?

Answer 8

raiding Spanish ships and ports

Question 9

how did England’s wealth grow?

Answer 9

trading systems established

Question 10

what new products were brought to England?

Answer 10

spices, silks and porcelain

Question 11

what trade grew?

Answer 11

trade with the East in spices

Question 12

why did trade with the East grow?

Answer 12

because the middlemen could be cut out- English sailors could deal directly with Asian merchants

Question 13

what new companies were created to deal with trade in a particular area?

Answer 13

the Levant Company- dealt with trade in Turkey and the Middle East

Question 14

when was the East India Company established?

Answer 14

in 1600

Question 15

what did the East India Company do?

Answer 15

oversea trade in India and the Far East

Question 16

what did trade in African slaves do?

Answer 16

brought significant wealth to individuals and to England as wealth

Question 17

why did other Englishmen become involved in the slave trade?

Answer 17

slave labour enabled raw materials to be produced cheaply in the Americas

Question 19

was England the first country to build colonies in newly discovered land?

Answer 19

no

Question 20

what did England’s perseverance lead to?

Answer 20

increasing numbers of colonies- particularly in North America- being established in the name of Queen Elizabeth and her successors

Question 21

what did the English victory over the Spanish Armada do?

Answer 21

show the dominant power England had

Question 22

what was naval power like?

Answer 22

it had been growing under Elizabeth and was able to hold its own in any sea battle

Question 23

which men played a key role in improved weaponry and tactics?

Answer 23

Francis Drake