imp Q@A Flashcards
Factors that determine the launching of a Local CA
a. When en has penetrated inside the defense.
b. When it is required to evict the en.
c. When to recaptured lost territory because of en’s penetration.
d. Decision to launch LCA on reasonable certainly that;
(1) Has a chance of success and
(2) En doesn’t further penetration by cdr’s decision to launch CA.
Factors that determine launching of Deliberate CA are:-
A. When the overall Sy of def is threatened.
B. To recapture lost VG or GTI.
C. To evict or destroy en from defense and restore situation.
D. When en has been subjected to severe attrition by FDL and Arty, Armor, Air has spent considerable effort against the en before reaching the LOP, in such CA could be launched.
E. When en is building up in some captured locality before the LOP has been reached & the opportunity provides the destruction of en if attacked, in such circumstance, CA is launched.
The ultimate aim of a defensive battle is the destruction of the enemy. In our context, defensive battle combined with massive offensive ops proves to be very effective and practical - Discuss-7
: Defense is in fact another form of offense. It should have the characteristics of aggressiveness in design and offensive in conduct. Defensive battle without offensiveness in conduct always invites en so closure to us. As Frederick the Great Says “ ACdr deceive himself who says that he is fighting defensive war without any initiative and action against the enemy. One day, Such defense will completely destroyed by enemy.” Hence, It is very important to have such offensive nature in def.
Defensive battle as we discussed above always demands offensive action which could be fulfilled by following action:
1. Cdr should wrest the initiative from the very beginning.
2. Strike the enemy whenever opportunity permits.
3. Carry out Spoiling attack against the en.
4. Use Stay behind party against en to disorganize, disrupt and delay the enemy.
5. Use protective elements such as BOP, Covering Troops, Screen, and Patrols in front of Defense.
6. Use process of attrition delay, resist, limit, weaken and destroy which could give ample time to prepare against enemy.
7. Use Sniper, Arty, Air force to destroy enemy at longer ranges.
Offensive ops when combined with defensive ops always produce synergy. Conduct of such ops like minor ops such as ambush, patrol, Raid etc. from defensive position will always be effective against enemy and provides security of own troops as well as enough time for further preparation. Our Ops which is based on this context should be continued and more offensive action should be launched in future.
Activities carried out during the resistance stage
- Wdl of covering Tps
- Harassing Fire & DF
- Spoiling Attk
- Breaking up the en’s asslt
- C Pen
- Local CA
A cdr can balance between C pen and CA by
- If en has just threatened or jeopardized the plan of Defense then launch C pen.
- If en has threatened or jeopardized the overall Sy then launch CA.
- If VG or GTI is lost then launch CA to regain it.
- When en has been subjected to severe attrition by FDL & Arty, Armor, Air has spent considerable effort against the en before reaching to the LOP, in such CA could be launched.
- When en is building up in some captured locality before the LOP has been reached & the opportunity provides the destruction of en if attacked, in such circumstance, CA is launched.
- The notion of CP preceding CA may not be applicable all the time. These two might be differentiated by no of days even weeks.
- If CA fails then it will be converted as C pen and another reserve should be earmarked by higher Cdr to launch CA.
- Launching of CA & C pen demands more coordination and min rxn time.
Reasons for having Contg posn
- Occupation of Defensive posn or area of approach for which the en has been least expected.
- To provide the Def locality immediate requirement of reinforcement.
- Earmarking of tps for local CA
- To provide sy in defense from rear areas.
- To provide all round defense capability for defender.
- For compact defense.
- To have min rxn time for readj.
- To operate against any unforeseen eventualities.
- Explain the term “Defensive in Design but Offensive in Conduct”
Destruction of en Armed force & his will to fight is the basic aim in war. This can be achieved by major offensive operation. Defence, however, may be necessary to ensure the security of own troops & create a favorable situation for offensive operation to be undertaken. War will thus be a combination of defensive & offensive operations. Forces on the field adopt any of these ops or revert from one to other depending on which provides the better result i.e. the destruction of en’s war potential under the prevailing situation. Hence, Defence must be aggressive in design & offensive in conduct.
Defense is infact another form of offense. Defense without offensive nature will always invite the attacker for attack and ultimately attacker will get success.
Similarly, offensive in conduct in defense would be achieved by:-
1. Cdr should wrest the initiative from the very beginning.
2. Strike the enemy whenever opportunity permits.
3. Carry out Spoiling attack against the en.
4. Use Stay behind party against en to disorganize, disrupt and delay the enemy.
5. Use protective elements such as BOP, Covering Troops, Screen, and Patrols in front of Defense.
6. Use process of attrition delay, resist, limit, weaken and destroy which could give ample time to prepare against enemy.
7. Use Sniper, Arty, Air force to destroy enemy at longer ranges.
As Frederick the Great Says “ACdr deceive himself who says that he is fighting defensive war without any initiative and action against the enemy. One day, such defense will completely destroyed by enemy.” Hence, It is very important to have offensive nature in defense with defensive design.
The design of defense should be defensive which can be ensured by following measures:-
1. All round defense
2. Laying of obstacles & minefields
3. Deployment of troops on FDL & have good DF plan
4. Mutually supporting weapons, posts, localities
5. Plan for contingencies
Well-coordinated anti-tank layout and fire plan are the ways to conduct a successful defensive battle. Discuss coordination of these aspects at div, bde and bn level?-
Coordination of Anti-Tank Layout
When Tank threat is great, the layout of the defended sector will be based on AT wpns&Obsts which must be sited in conjunction with each other. This layout will have to be coordinated at Div, Bde&Bn Level.
Div Level
1. CO of DivArmd Regt will be adviser to DivCdr on this coordination & be responsible for actual coordination of Anti-tank plan within the overall def system & fire plan of division.
2. Armd elements forms the mobile element of anti-tankDefence plan & bulk of it will be employed for CA& CP tasks under control of Div HQ.
3. The temptation to use armor as static pillboxes must be resisted. If grnd affords cover, tanks may be deployed in anti-tank role within def localities.
4. ATGM and Attack H/C must be included within Anti-tank plan.
Bde Level
1. Armr will seldom be available in sufficient role for sub allotment to Bdes for anti-tank role.
2. Available Armour to be located in Bdedef sector in conformity with overall plan of Divanti-tank layout and be ready to move at short notice. Mainly inf anti tanks wpns are available.
3. If Armored SqnCdr available, BdeCdr should use him for the coordination of anti tank layout. Otherwise, he should nominate one Sp Coy Cdr in Bde for this task.That officer work in close coordination with CO of field regiment & field Coy.
Bn Level
1. `BnCdr indicates the task for RCL guns & Coy Cdr site guns with due regards to protection.
2. Siting of RCL Guns must conform the BdeAnti tank plan.
3. Coordination within Bn will be carried out by HQ Coy Cdr.
4. Though RCL is an integral BN Wpn, its reallocation within Bde may become necessary & such coordination done by deputy BdeCdr in case ArmrSqnCdr not available.
Coordination of Fire Plan
Div Level
1. Carefully coordination of Fire plan involving artillery, tanks, MMG, mortars, anti tankwpns& air will have to be made.
2. Task table for the fire plan will be issued by the Artillery Bn Cdr.
3. Employment of AD when allotted will be coordinated by Artillery Bde Cdr.
Bde Level
In Bde level also, Artillery Cdr is responsible for Fire plan in conformity with Div Fire plan.
Bn level
Artillery Cdr will be responsible for advising BN Cdr and preparation of Fire plan in conformity with Bde Fire plan.
Any airborne operation by the enemy is well planned to surprise the defender and also it is not feasible to cover all likely dropping zones (DZs) against enemy threat. What special counter measures will you take to secure DZs?
Counter measures are: - MEEGO CAP
1. Mobile columns strong in automatic firepower held in reserve particularly in rear area of DZ
2. Early warning system to be effective
3. Escorting of mechanical transport column
4. Good Signal communication
5. Establishment of effective OP/LP
6. Close protection troops for VA’s/VP’s
7. All units particularly in rear areas should be capable of defending themselves
8. Passive measures such as camo-concealment, air borne obsts, dummy etc
How is the coordination in hasty defence done?
Coordination of Hasty Defence
1. In Hasty Defence Coordination starts form the bottom.
2. DivCdr&BdeCdr will have to decentralize the resources early to the units & sub units. So that Units can go for reccee, make plan, prepare defences and do adjustment within their limit.
3. BdeCdr having his units on ground will carry out his reccee& coordinate defences in his own def sector. This process will be followed by Div Cdr.
4. From bottom to top, the defensive layout will be coordinated at the highest level.
