Immunosuppressants Flashcards
What is the function of eiconsanoids?
Act as local vasodilators in inflammation
What cells produce prostaglandins?
many different types
What cells produce thromboxanes?
platelets
What cells produce leukotrienes?
leukocytes
What does COX-1 do?
Constitutively expressed for homeostatic functions
What does COX-2 do?
Inducibly expressed for inflammatory response
What is one of the major role of prostaglandins?
Produce and promote mucous layer in the GI tract
What does thromboxanes promote?
Platelet activation
What do NSAIDs inhibit?
prostaglandins and thromboxanes
What is unique about aspirin as an NSAID?
it irreversibly inhibits COX 1/2 through covalent modification
What is Kawasaki disease?
Immune disorder of unknown function with fever, conjunctivitis, swollen lymph nodes, swollen hands/feet, rash, and changes in oral mucosa
How do you treat Kawasaki disease?
Aspirin and IVIG
What are the off-label uses of aspirin?
Kawasaki disease, pre-eclampsia, colorectal cancer
What is Reye’s syndrome?
serious and often fatal disease caused by treating children with aspirin while they have viral infections
What does it mean to have aspirin-sensitive asthma?
COX inhibition reroutes AA to make leukotrienes which cause bronchoconstriction
Who normally suffers from acute aspirin poisoning?
Children because OD > 150 mg
What is the major advantage of Naproxen?
It has a longer half-life than ibuprofen
Where are ibuprofen and naproxen retained in the body?
They bind well to albumin so they are retained in the blood plasma
What kind of drugs are COX-2 inhibitors?
Celecoxib (celebrex) and Rofecoxib (vioxx)
What does Celecoxib inhibit?
COX-2
What does Rofecoxib inhibit?
COX-2
Why do COX-2 inhibitors cause more cardio problems?
They also inhibit prostacyclins, which are anti-clotting
What does ibuprofen inhibit?
COX-1/2
What does aspirin inhibit?
COX-1/2
What does naproxen inhibit?
COX-1/2
