Immunosuppressant Drugs Flashcards
Role of the immune syste
-Defend the body against invading pathogens, foreign antigens and cancerous cells
-Causing autoimmune diseases or immune mediated diseases
-participate in anaphylactic reactions
-Reject donated organs
cells involved in immune response
- Helper
- Cytotoxic
- B lymphocyte
Immunosupressants
- Drugs that decrease or prevent immune response
- Reduce lymphocyte cell division
How do immunosuppressants prevent immune response
-Prevent or treat rejection of transplant organs
- Mechanism of drug actions vary
What is a pharmacologically immunocompromised state
reduce or allow little specific immune protection due to drugs
Immunosuppressant drugs
-Glucocorticoids*
-Cyclosporine*
-Tacrolimus*
-Sirolimus
-Azathioprine
-Mycophenolate mofetil
-Cyclophosphamide
-Basiliximab
-Glatiramer acetate
How do immunosuppressants work
- Inhibit cytokine production or action
- Block cytokine receptors on immune cells
- Drugs that inhibit DNA and RNA synthesis
Immunosuppressant useses
- Rheumatoid arthritis
- Prevention of organ rejection
- Crohn’s disease (inflammatory GI )
Cytokine production inhibitors
- Cyclosporine
- Tacrolimus
what do cytokine production inhibitors do
decrease T-lymphocyte numbers/activity
Cyclosporine
- Prevention of kidney, liver, heart, and bone marrow transplant rejection
- autoimmune disorders
Adverse effects of Cyclosporines
- Kidney damage (nephrotoxicity)
- High blood pressure
- Tremors
- Hirsutism (excessive male like hair pattern )
Tacrolimus
- Used for organ rejection prevention in liver and kidney transplants
- Treat Rheumatoid arthritis
Cyclosporine and Tacrolimus both
-have various drug interactions
- metabolized by CYP3A4
Drugs inhibiting cytokine gene expression
Glucocorticoids
