Immunopharmacology (Name)/Mechanism of action and Uses Flashcards
Cyclosporine
- Calcineurin (cytoplasmic phosphatase) inhibitor; binds cyclophilin blocking T-cell activation by preventing IL-2 transcription
- Transplant rejection prophylaxis, psoriasis, rheumatoid arthritis
Tacrolimus
- Calcineurin (cytoplasmic phosphatase) inhibitor; binds FK506 binding protein (FKBP) blocking T-cell activation by preventing IL-2 transcription
- Transplant rejection prophylaxis especially in renal and liver transplants
Sirolimus (Rapamycin)
- mTOR inhibitor; binds FKBP blocking T-cell activation and B-cell differentiation by preventing response to IL-2
- Kidney transplant rejection prophylaxis
Daclizumab and basiliximab
- Monoclonal antibodies that block IL-2R
- Kidney transplant rejection prophylaxis
Azathioprine
- Antimetabolite precursor of 6-mercaptopurine inhibiting lymphocyte proliferation by blocking nucleotide synthesis
- Transplant rejection prophylaxis, rheumatoid arthritis, Crohn disease, glomerulonephritis and other autoimmune conditions
Mycophenolate mofetil
- Reversibly inhibits IMP dehydrogenase, preventing purine synthesis of B and T cells
- Transplant rejection prophylaxis and lupus nephritis
- Used also as adjunctive to cyclosporine permitting reduction of cyclosporine dose and limiting toxicity
Corticosteroids
- Inhibit NF-kapa B suppress both B and T cell function by decreasing transcription of many cytokines. Induce apoptosis of T lymphocytes
- Transplant rejection prophylaxis and many autoimmune and inflammatory disorders
Aldesleukin
- Recombinant IL-2
- Renal cell carcinoma and metastatic melanoma
Epoetin alfa
- Recombinant erythropoietin
- Anemias (especially in renal failure)
Filgrastim
- Recombinant G-CSF
- Recovery of bone marrow
Sargramostim
- Recombinant GM-CSF
- Recovery of bone marrow
IFN-alpha
- Recombinant cytokine
- Chronic hepatitis B and C, Kaposi sarcoma, malignant melanoma
IFN-beta
- Recombinant cytokine
- Multiple sclerosis
IFN-gamma
- Recombinant cytokine
- Chronic granulomatous disease
Romiplostim and eltrombopag
- Recombinant thrombopoietin receptor agonists
- Thrombocytopenia
Oprelvekin
- Recombinant IL-11
- Thrombocytopenia
Alemtuzumab
- CD52 Ab
- CLL and multiple sclerosis
Bevacizumab
- VEGF Ab
- Colorectal cancer and renal cell carcinoma
Cetuximab
- EGFR Ab
- Stage IV colorectal cancer and head and neck cancer
Rituximab
- CD20 Ab
- B-cell and non-Hodgkin lymphoma, CLL, Rheumatoid arthritis and ITP
Trastuzumab
- HER2/neu Ab
- Breast cancer
Adalimumab, certolizumab and infliximab
- Soluble TNF-alpha Ab
- IBD, rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis and psoriasis
Eculizumab
- Complement protein C5 Ab
- Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria
Natalizumab
- Alpha4-integrin Ab
- Multiple sclerosis and Crohn disease
Abciximab
- Platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa
- Anti-platelet agent for prevention of ischemic complications in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention
Denosumab
- RANKL Ab (inhibits osteoclast maturation)
- Osteoporosis
Digoxin immune Fab
- Digoxin Ab
- Antidote for digoxin toxicity
Omalizumab
- IgE Ab (prevents IgE binding to Fc-epsilon-RI)
- Allergic asthma
Palivizumab
- RSV F protein Ab
- RSV prophylaxis for high risk infants
Ranibizumab and bevacizumab
- VEGF Ab
- Neovascular age-related macular degeneration
Muromonab
- Monoclonal antibody that targets CD3
- Treatment of acute kidney transplant rejection
Anti-D immunoglobulin
- Human IgG Abs to red cell D antigen (rhesus antigen)
- Administer to Rh -ve mother within 72 hrs of Rh +ve delivery to prevent hemolytic disease of newborn in subsequent pregnancy
