Immunology-Pharmacology Flashcards
What is Cyclosporine?
A calcineurin inhibitors that binds cyclophilin and blocks T cell activation by preventing IL-2 transcription for use in transplant rejection prophylaxis, psoriasis, and rheumatoid arthritis
What are the AEs of cyclosporine?
Nephrotoxicity (highly), HTN
hyperlipidemia
neurotoxicity
gingival hyperplasia
hirsutism
What is tacrolimus (FK506)?
a calcinueron inhibitor that binds Fk506 binding protein (FKBP) and blocks T cell activation by preventing IL-2 transcription mainly for use as a transplant rejection prophylatic
What are the AEs of Tacrolimus?
Similar to cyclosporine but with additional increased risk of diabetes and neutrotoxicity
no ginigival hyperplasia or hirsutism
What is Sirolimus (Rapamycin)?
an mTOR inhibitor that binds FKBP and blocks T cell activation and B cell differentiation by preventing the response to IL-2 for primary use as a kidney transplant rejection prophylatic (synergistic with cyclosporine)
What are the main AEs of Sirolimus (Rapamycin)?
Anemia, thrombocytopenia, leukopenia,
insulin resistance
hyperlipidemia
NOT NEPHROTOXIC
What is Daclizumab and Basiliximab?
MABs that bind to and block IL-2R for kidney transplant rejection prophylaxis
What are the main AEs of Daclizumab and Basiliximab?
Edema, HTN, and tremor
What is Azathioprine?
Antimetabolite precursor for 6-MP that inhibits lymphocyte proliferation for use in transplant rejection and autoimmune diseases
What are the main AEs of Azathioprine?
Leukopenia, anemia, and thrombocytopenia
6-MP is broken down by ______
xanthine oxidase so increased toxicity with allopurinol
How do glucocorticoids work?
Inhibit NF-kB to suppress both B and T cell function by decreasing transcription of many cytokines
What are some AEs of glucocorticoids?
Hyperglycemia
osteoporosis
central obesity/Iatrogenic Cushing syndrome
muscle breakdown
psychosis
acne
HTN
cataracts
avascular necrosis
What are the main uses of Aldesleukin (recombinant IL-2)?
renal cell carcinoma, melanoma METS
What are the main uses of Epoietin Alfa (recombinant EPO)?
Anemias (esp. in renal failure)
What are the main uses of Filgrastim (recombinant G-CSF)?
Recovery of bone marrow
What are the main uses of Sargamostim (recombinant GM-CSF)?
Recovery of bone marrow
What are the main uses of IFN-a?
chronic hep B and C, Kaposi, and melanoma METS
What are the main uses of IFN-B?
MS
What are the main uses of IFN-y?
CGD
What are the main uses of romiplostim and eltrombopag?
Thrombocytopenia
What are the main uses of Oprevlvekin (recombinant IL-11)?
Thrombocytopenia
What is the target of Alentuzumab and what are its main uses?
CD52 for CLL tx
What is the target of Bevacizumab and what are its main uses?
VEGF for tx of colorectal cancer, renal cell carcinoma
What is the target of Cetuximab and what are its main uses?
EGFR for tx of stage IV CRR and head/neck cancer
What is the target of Rituximab and what are its main uses?
CD20 for tx of B-cell non-Hodgkine lymphoma, CLL, rheumatoid arthritis, and ITP
What is the target of Adalimumab and infliximab and what are its main uses?
Soluble TNF-a for x of IBD, rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, and psoriasis
What is Etanercept?
A decoy TNF-a receptor (not an MAB)
What is the target of Eculizumab and what are its main uses?
Complement protein C5 for tx of paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria
What is the target of natalizumab and what are its main uses?
a4-integrin for tx of MS and Crohn disease
What is the target of Abciximab and what are its main uses?
Platelet glycoproteins IIb/IIIa for prevention of ischemic complications in pts udnergoing percuraneous coronary interventon
What is the target of Denosumab and what are its main uses?
RANKL for tx of osteoporosis (inhibits osteoCLAST maturation and mimic osteoportergerin)
What is the target of Digoxin immune Fab and what are its main uses?
Digoxin for digoxin toxicity
What is the target of omalizumab and what are its main uses?
IgE for tx of allergic astham (prevents IgE from binding to FceR1)
What is the target of Palivizumab and what are its main uses?
RSV F protein for RSF prophyalxis in high-risk infants
What is the target of Ranibizumab and what are its main uses?
VEGF for tx of neovascular age-related macular degen (can also use bevacizumab and other drugs)
