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NURS 316B > Immunology Pharmacology > Flashcards

Immunology Pharmacology Flashcards

1
Q

-prim & sulfa-
* purpose
* classification
* nursing pro tips

4 nursing pro tips

A
  • purpose: treatment of infections
  • classification: antibiotics
  • nursing pro tips:
    1. enhances the action of metformin and glipizide (oral insulin medications)
    2. glipizide is a sulfa derivative
    3. adverse reaction – rash
    4. drink at least 8 large glasses of water/day – insoluble, so the more fluids, the better it distributes
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2
Q

-cillins
* purpose
* classification
* nursing pro tips

3 nursing pro tips

A
  • purpose: treatment of infections
  • classification: antibiotics
  • nursing pro tips:
    1. severe allergic reaction – feeling like you can’t breathe, hives on extremities, itching
    2. treats GBS positive mothers
    3. can be harsh on pts with kidney disease and can cause further damage – monitor GFR and creatinine
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3
Q

-mycin & -micin
* purpose
* classification
* nursing pro tips

3 nursing pro tips

A
  • purpose: treatment of infection
  • classification: antibiotics
  • nursing pro tips:
    1. adverse effect – ototoxicity, nephrotoxicity
    2. side effect – N/V
    3. monitor creatinine for nephrotoxicity – values of 10+ mcg/dL
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4
Q

-cycline
* purpose
* classification
* nursing pro tips

4 nursing pro tips

A
  • purpose: treatment of infections
  • classification: antibiotics
  • nursing pro tips:
    1. minerals reduce the effectiveness of -cyclines – take these at least 2 hours prior to taking antibiotic
    2. cause sensitivity to sunlight
    3. decrease effectiveness of oral contraceptives
    4. may cause fetal harm – should not be taken during pregnancy
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5
Q

-floxacin
* purpose
* classification
* nursing pro tips

2 nursing pro tips

A
  • purpose: treatment of infections
  • classification: antibiotics
  • nursing pro tips:
    1. adverse effect – joint tenderness (black box warning: increased risk of tendinitis and tendon rupture)
    2. causes sensitivity to the sun
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6
Q

-nidazole
* purpose
* classification
* nursing pro tips

2 nursing pro tips

A
  • purpose: treatment of infections
  • classification: antibiotics; anti-parasitics
  • nursing pro tips:
    1. can result in low platelets – these may appear as pinpoint red spots on the skin
    2. avoid drinking alcohol while on medication – will cause flushing, nausea, psychosis, and tachycardia
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7
Q

nitrofurantoin
* purpose
* classification
* nursing pro tips

1 nursing pro tip

A
  • purpose: treatment of infections
  • classification: antibiotics
  • nursing pro tips:
    1. causes sensitivity to the sun
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8
Q

rifaximin
* purpose
* classification
* nursing pro tips

2 nursing pro tips

A
  • purpose: treatment of infections, infections of GI tract, and hepatic encephalopathy
  • classification: antibiotics
  • nursing pro tips:
    1. in hepatic encephalopathy, the bad liver cannot remove ammonia, so it accumulates and affects cognitive ability; rifaximin kills the bacteria that produce ammonia to alleviate hepatic encephalopathy
    2. helps with confusion that results from hepatic encephalopathy
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9
Q

rifampin
* purpose
* classification
* nursing pro tips

3 nursing pro tips

A
  • purpose: treatment of TB
  • classification: antibiotics
  • nursing pro tips:
    1. dark amber urine – rifampin is damaging liver and causing dysfunction
    2. side effect – orange-red urine – normal
    3. require a combination of TB antibiotics
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10
Q

-zinamide & -niazid
* purpose
* classification
* nursing pro tips

2 nursing pro tips

A
  • purpose: treatment of TB
  • classification: antibiotics
  • nursing pro tips:
    1. adverse effects – gout and liver damage
  • pyrazinamide – raises uric acid level and can cause gout; joint pain
  • isoniazid – yellowing of sclera indicates liver damage
    2. isoniazid side effect – can cause peripheral neuropathy
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11
Q

What is important to note about all antibiotics?

A

you must finish your medications!

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12
Q

What are some signs of allergic reaction that may result from taking antibiotics?

A

hives and respiratory issues

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13
Q

Which antibiotics require food and drink considerations?

3 antibiotics

A
  1. sulfa-: drink 8 glasses of water to better distribute medication
  2. -cyclines: take minerals like iron, aluminum, magnesium, and calcium 2 hours before taking antibiotics because they will bind to -cyclines and decrease their effectiveness
  3. -nidazole: no alcohol while taking – will cause flushing, nausea, psychosis, and tachycardia
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14
Q

Which antibiotics pose a threat to fetuses if taken during maternal pregnancy?

1 antibiotic

A

-cyclines

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15
Q

Which drugs have drug-drug interactions?

A

sulfa + metformin/glipizide (oral glucose)
* causes allergic reaction
* causes potentiation of the drugs

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16
Q

Which drugs cause sensitivity to the sun?

3 antibiotics

A
  1. nitrofurantoin
  2. -floxacin
  3. -cycline
  • but really sunscreen should be used while taking any antibiotics
17
Q

Which antibiotics can have adverse effects on organs?

5 organ categories

A
  1. kidneys: -cillins, -mycins, rifampin
    * check creatinine levels for these
  2. low platelets: -nidazole
  3. gout: -zinamide
  4. liver/jaundice: -niazid
  5. ruptured tendon: -floxacins
18
Q

-vir
* purpose
* classification
* nursing pro tips

1 nursing pro tip

A
  • purpose: treatment of herpes, shingles, chickenpox, and flu
  • classification: anti-viral
  • nursing pro tips:
    1. should start taking these medications ASAP – once symptoms start
19
Q

-mab (monoclonal antibodies)
* purpose
* classification
* nursing pro tips

3 nursing pro tips

A
  • purpose: treatment of breast and gastric cancer
  • classification: monoclonal antibodies
  • nursing pro tips:
    1. adverse effect – cardiotoxicity – produces irregular apical pulse
    2. adverse effects – SOB, lightheadedness, dizziness, cough, swelling of feet, chills, fatigue, headache
    3. use contraception during and for 6 months following use of drug – can result in birth defects
20
Q

-cept & etanercept
* purpose
* classification
* nursing pro tips

1 nursing pro tip

A
  • purpose: treatment of rheumatoid arthritis
  • classification: TNF inhibitor (tumor necrosis factor) – decreases inflammation
  • nursing pro tips:
    1. store medication in refrigerator and warm to room temp before injecting

NURS 316B (9 decks)

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