Immunology CH 3.7 Tumor Testing and Transplantation Flashcards
A pt had surgery for colorectal cancer after which he recieved chemo for 6 months. The test for carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) was normal at the time. one year later CEA is elevated and eval reveals a small tumor. What was the value of results provided by the CEA test in this clincal situation.
Diagnostic information
information for further treatment
information on the immunological response of the pt
no useful information
information for further treatment
A carbohydrate antigen assay 125 (CA-125) was preformed on a woman with ovarian cancer. After treatment levels fall significantly. exams revealed recurrance of the tumor, but the CA-125 remained low. How is this explained?
test error
CA-125 was the wrong lab test, AFP is better to monitor ovarian cancer
CA-125 may not be sensitive enough when used alone to monitor tumor developemnt
CA-125 is not specific enough to detect only one type of tumor
CA-125 may not be sensitive enough when used alone to monitor the tumor development
what is the correct procedure upon reciept of a test request for human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) on the serum of a 60yr old man?
return the request, hCG is not preformed on men
preform a qualitative hCG test to see if HCG is present
preform the test, hCG may be increased in testicular tumors
preform the test with different standards and controls
preform the test it may be elevated in testicular cancers
would an hCG test using a monoclonal ab against the B-subunit of hCG likely be affected by an increased level of follicle-stimulating hormone?
Yes, the b-subunit of FSH is identicle to hCG
no the test would be specific for the B-subunit of hCG
yes, a cross rxn would occur because of structrual similarities
no, the structure of FSH and hCG are not at all similar
no, the test would be specific for the B-subunit of hCG
which of the following substances, sometimes used as a tumor marker, is increased two- or threefold in a normal pregnancy?
Alk phos (ALP)
calcitonin
Adrenocoritotopic hormone (ACTH)
Neuron-specific enolase
ALP
what is an advantage of preforming prostate specific antigen (PSA) test for prostate cancer?
PSA is stable in serum and not affected by digital rectal exam
PSA is increased only in prostatic maligancies
a normal serum level rules out malignant prostatic disease
the percentage of free PSA is elevated in persons with malignant disease
PSA is stable in serum and not affected by digital rectal exam
which method is the most sensitive for quantitation of AFP?
double immunodiffusion
electrophoresis
enzyme immunoassay
particle agglutiation
C, enzyme immunoassay
How is HLA typing used in the investigation genetic diseases?
for prediction of the severity of the disease
for genetic linkage studies
for direct diagnosis of disease
is not useful in this situation
For genetic linkage studies
select the best donor for a man, blood type AB, in need of kidney transplantation.
his brother, type AB, HLA matched for class II antigens
His mother, type B, HLA for class I antigens
His cousin, Type O, HLA matched for major class II antigens
deceased donor, type O HLA marched for some class I and II antigens
His brother, AB HLA matched for class II antigens
interpret the following microcytotoxicity target cell results
A9 and B12 cells: damaged
A1 and Aw19: intact
pos for A1 and Aw19; neg for A9 and B12
neg for A1 and Aw19, pos for A9 and B12
error in test system; retest
impossible to determin
neg for A1 and Aw19, pos for A9 and B12
which method, classically used for HLA-D typing, is often used to determine the compatability between living organ donor and a recipient?
flow cytometry
mixed lymphocyte culture (MLC)
primed lymphocyte test
restriction fragment length polymerization (RFLP)
mixed lymphocyte culture (MLC)
cells type negative for all HLA antigens in a complement dependent cytotoxicity assay. what is the most likely cause?
too much supravital dye was added
rabbit complement is inactivated
all leukocytes are dead
antisera is too concentrated
rabbit complement is inactivated
what method may be used for tissue typing instead of serological HLA typing?
PCR
southern blot
RFLP
all these options
all of these options
