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Phase 2a Questions > Immunology > Flashcards

Immunology Flashcards

1
Q

Hypogammaglobulinemia - Definition

A
  1. Low levels of serum Igs

2. Streptococcus pneumoniae sinusitis

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2
Q

Innate vs Adaptive

A
  1. Non-specific vs specific
  2. No lymphocytes vs lymphocytes
  3. No Abs vs Abs
  4. No memory vs memory
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3
Q

Organ specific autoimmune disease

A

UC

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4
Q

Pathogen Associated Molecular Patterns (PAMP)

A
  1. General molecular features common to many pathogens
  2. Foreign microbes recognised by innate immunity
  3. Lipopolysaccharide
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5
Q

Lymphocytes

A 
T cells --> intracellular microbes
- Produce IL2, gammma IF and TNF beta
- IL2 --> +ve feedback on T cell division and differentiation
B cells --> extracellular microbes
- Produce IL 4, 5, 6, 10, 13
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6
Q

Immunological control of tumours

A

Immune surveillance

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7
Q

Natural passive immunity

A
  1. Maternal antibodies across placenta
  2. Diptheria
    Tetanus
    Streptococcus
    Rubella
    Mumps
    Polio
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8
Q

IgE

A
  1. Basophils and mast cells
  2. Allergic response
  3. Parasitic infections
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9
Q

Classes of Ig

A
  1. IgA
  2. IgD
  3. IgE
  4. IgM
  5. IgG
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10
Q

Antigen presenting cells

A
  1. Macrophages
  2. Dendritic cells
  3. B cells
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11
Q

Salmonella

A
  1. Gram -ve bacilli
  2. MacConkey Agar –> clear as non-lactose fermenting
  3. Serotyping (not shigella)
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12
Q

AIDs - definition

A
  1. CD4+ T lymphocyte cell count <200
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13
Q

HIV - risk factors

A
  1. Intravenous drug users
  2. MSM
  3. Commercial sex workers
  4. Unprotected sex
  5. Migrant workers/truck drivers - use sex industry more
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14
Q

Polymorponuclear leukocytes

A
  1. Neutrophils (C)
  2. Basophil
  3. Eosinophil
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15
Q

Major Histocompatibility Complex

A
  1. Encoded by MH gene C on chromosome 6
  2. Present epitide to T cells
  3. Shows self and non-self antigens
  4. MHC I - intracellular for CD8 cellls
  5. MHC II - extracellular for CD4 cells
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16
Q

Phagocytosis

A
  1. Adhesion to cell surface of insult (opsonisation)
  2. Engulfment
  3. Phagosome
  4. Phagolysosome and digestion
  5. APC presentation (MHC II)
  6. Secretion of waste products
17
Q

IgA location

A
  1. Mucous secretions
  2. Saliva
  3. Colostrum (breast milk)
  4. Milk
  5. Bronchiolar + genitourinary secretions
18
Q

Tuberculosis - hypersensitivity

A
  1. Type 4 (delayed
19
Q

Virus properties

A
  1. Only seen with electron microscope
  2. Only replicate in living cells
  3. No cell wall
  4. Outer protein coat
20
Q

HIV - Treatment

A
  1. Highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART)
    - <200
    - Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (abacavir)
    - Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (efavirenz)
    - Protease inhibitors (atazanavir)
21
Q

Aids defining conditions

A
  1. Candidiasis lung/oesophageal
  2. Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia
  3. Recurrent bacterial pneumonia
  4. Cervical carcinoma
  5. Mycobacterium TB

Phase 2a Questions (14 decks)

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