Immunology Flashcards
What is IκB kinase (IKK)?
is an enzyme complex —propagating the cellular response to inflammation, is part of the upstream NF-κB signal transduction cascade.
Leukocyte adhesion deficiency
Defect in LFA-1 integrin (cd18)
impaired phagocytosis and migration-chemotaxis
AR
recurrent skin and mucosal bacterial infections
no pus
markedperipehral leukocytosis and neutrophilia
Active vs passive immunity
Passive: receiving preformed abs
Active: exposure to foreign antigens
C1 inhibitor deficiency
C1INH prevents C1 mediated clevage C2 and C4
also inhibited kallirein that converts kininogen to bradikinin.
Angioedema and GI manifestations
Delayed hypersensitivity reactions
- tuberculin skin test, contact dermatitis, candida extract skin test
- mediated by T cells CD4: 2 days after exposure
- dendritis cells presents the antigen to Th1 cd4 t lymphocytes through MCH- II
- T cells secreted INF gamma, and recluted mos.
The role of ubiquitine proteasome pathway in immune response?
ability to degrade foreign intracellular proteins
Heavy chain
determine isotypes in immunoglobulins
TNF- alpha
mediates septic shock
causes cachexia in malignancy
which is the reason of polyssacharide conjugated vaccine?
example: Hib + tetanus toxoid (indicated in children less than 2 years)
induced T cell response, memory
Wiskott Aldrich syndrome
Mutation in WAS gene
T cell unable to recognize actin cyrosjeleton
WATER: Wiskott Aldrish, Thrombocytopenia, Eczema, Recurret infections
increased the risk of autoimmunity and malignancy
Increased or normal IgM and IgG
Decreased IgA and IgE
Rabies vaccine
inactivated vaccine
Attenuated vaccines
herpes zoster, varicella and yellow fever
Chediak higashi syndrome
- Defect in LYST gene
- Microtubule dysfunction in phagosoma - lysosome fusion
- AR
- recurrent pyogenic infections
- albinism
- peripheral neuroathy
- progressive neurodegeneration
- Pancytopenia
Wiskott Aldrish syndrome
- mutation in WAS gene
- T cells unable to recognize actin cytoskeleton
- X linked
- WATER: Wiskott aldrish, Thrombocytopenia, Eczema and Recurrent infections.
- Neutrophilia
Which kind of vaccines causing better immune activation?
live attenuated vaccines produce stronger immune responses tthan killed vaccines by acting a persistent stimulus that better activates helper and cytotoxic T cells.
