Immunology

Question 1

If Immunoglobulins are low or absent, which type of infections body get susceptible to? And name of these Ig deficient diseases.
A. Ig absent
B. Ig low

Answer 1

Bacterial
Enterovirus
Giardia lamblia

A. X-linked agammaglobulinemia
B. Common variable ımmunodeficiency

Question 2

Four key mediators that attract and activate neutrophils?

Answer 2

1. LTB 4
2. IL-8
3. C5a
4. Bacterial products

Question 3

Cardinal signs of inflammation?

Answer 3

Redness (rubor)
Warmth (calor)
Swelling (tumor)
Pain (dolor)
Fever

Question 4

Which mediators cause pain?

Answer 4

PGE2 and Bradykinin

Question 5

In Severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID), both cell-mediated and humoral activity is defective. Which etiologies include?

Answer 5

1. Cytokine receptor defects
2. Adenosine deaminase deficiency (ADA)
3. MHC II deficiency

Question 6

What is the most common immunodeficiency?

Answer 6

IgA deficiency

Question 7

What is the mechanism for hyper IgM syndrome?

Answer 7

Due to mutated CD40L or CD40 receptor

Question 8

During neutrophil activation and function, endothelial molecules’ expression ( e-selectin, ICAM, VCAM) is stimulated by mediators from macrophages. What are those?

Answer 8

IL-1, TNF