immunology 1 Flashcards
uncommon
risk causing clinical disease
parapox(sheep)
scarification of virus on sheep
live vax
most common
reduce virulence(heat, cell passage, genetic engineering)
con-revert to virulence, cause disease if ingested or inhaled, possibility for contamination, less stable than killed, blocked by maternal antibodies
modified live vax
antigenically intact
unable to replicate-pro
required adjuvant
less effective (more dose)
unlikely to produce TH1 response-no intracellular replication
killed/inactivated vax
self or custom
isolate from sick animals
kill/organism/tissue
add adjuvant
inject in same animal (Autologous) or herdmates (autogenous)
autologous/autogenous vax
viral coating with DNA
benign carrier organism
engineered to include a genefrom
protein from another pathogen
can induce immunity with maternal present
can not revert
recombinant vax
immunogenic protein and metabolites from path
produced by viral or bacterial culture
requires adjuvant
economical (cheap)
subunit vax
chemically modified toxin
no longer toxic
antigenic
antibodies bind toxin and prevent interaction with receptor
toxoid vax
pathogen gene inserted into bacterial plasmid
plasmid intro into host-inject, transdermal, mucosal
plasmid transfect host cells including APC
gene is expressed and protein is presented on APC surface
mixed TH1 and TH2-not inactivated by maternal
Genetic (naked DNA) vax
contains mRNA encoding one or more antigen
translated by host ribosome into protein
two types-none replicated mRNA or self amplifying mRNA
encapsuled in lipid nanoparticle-protection and promote cellular uptake
advantage-rapid production
mRNA vax
differentiated infected from vax animal
marker vac-immune response different than natural
elisa-used to diagnose break infection in immunized animal
DIVA vax
animal related-immunodeficient
not potent
bad batch
failure to vax-incorrect use, incorrect storage
program problem-not right dosing
vax failure
swelling of head
hives
vommiting
diarrhea
anaphylaxis (uncommon)
type 1 hypersensitivity
IMHA
IM throbocytopenia
type 2 hypersensitivty
Arthurs reaction
asymptomatic-hyperpigmented site of vax-stay for months after vax
lymphocytic vasculitis
type 3 hypersensitivity
post inject panniculitis
vax associated sarcoma
rare
delayed
mesenchymal tumor
genetic predisposition
type 4 hypersensitivity
