Clin path 2

Question 1

Gross-clear, colorless or light yellow
Measures-TP<2 TNCC<1500
microscope-mononuclear
Etiology-PLN, PLE, liver failure (increased BP) or lymphatic blocked
Path-decreased oncotic(not enough albumin), increased capillary hydrostatic and decreased lymph drainage

Answer 1

pure (protein poor) transudate

Question 2

gross-clear, hazy, cloudy, variable, yellow
Measured- TP>2 TNCC<5000
Microscope-variable or neutrophils
Etiology-hypertensive (local or systemic)m lymphadenopathy, FIP or anything
Path-increased capillary pressure and decreased lymph drainage
sitting in 3rd space long enough-causing inflammation

Answer 2

modified (protein poor) transudate

Question 3

gross-hazy, cloud, florescent, yellow, tan, cream, orange
measured-TP>2 and 3,4,5 TNCC>5000
Microscopic-neutrophils and infectious agent (bacteria) penetrating abdomen wound
path-increased inter-endothelial space and diapedesis of neutrophils
etiology-bacterial, visceral tissue (pleuropneumonia, esophageal perforation, GI perforation (necrosis) and ruptured bladder) Parietal tissue (penetrating wound), hematogenous

Answer 3

Septic exudate (inflammation-bacterial)

Question 4

gross-hazy, cloudy, yellow, tan, cream, orange
measure-TP>2 TNCC>5000
Microscopic-neutrophils and no infectious agent
path-increased inter-endothelial space and diapedesis of neutrophils
Etiology-pancreatitis(auto digest), enteritis/colitis, displaced organ tissue, ruptured bladder, FIP and neoplasia

Answer 4

Sterile Effusion
no bacteria but inflammation peritionitis

Question 5

gross-orange and red
measured-TP>2 RBC>1,000,000
Microscope-blood smear, erythrophagia (macrophage engulf erythrocytes), hemosiderin (black)
path-leakage of blood
etiology-trauma (hit by a car), displaced organ tissue, hemorrhagic neoplasm, coagulation disorder(2nd hemostasis), idiopathic

Answer 5

hemorrhagic effusion
blood in abdomen, thorax or around the heart

Question 6

gross-hazy, cloudy, opaque, pinkish white, pink
measured-TP>2 TNCC-variable
microscopic-macrophage with vacuoles and small lymphocytes
Fluid chem-triglycerides
Path-leakage of lymphatics
Etiology-idiopathic, trauma, heart disease(underlying cardiac disease), displaced organ, lymphadenopathy, neoplasms

Answer 6

Chylous effusion
cats (labored breathing)
lymphatic leakage from thoracic duct
lymph is rich with chylomicrons

Question 7

gross-clear, hazy, cloudy, pale yellow, yellow
measured-variable
microscopic-variable
fluid chem-creatine
path-ruptured urinary tract
etiology-uroliths, mucus plug, trauma, neoplasms

Answer 7

uroperitoneum/uroabdomen
bladder leaking-foal (mare stepped on it)

Question 8

gross-hazy, cloudy, flocculent, yellow, tan, orange, green and brown
measured-TP>2 TNCC>5000
microscopic-bile
fluid chem-bilirubin>than plasma or serum
path-ruptured biliary duct
etiology-choleiths(gallstones), mucocele (mucus plug), trauma, neoplasm

Answer 8

Bilious effusion
increased cell count
bile in abdomen

Question 9

gross-variable
measured-TP>2 TNCC>5000
micro-neoplastic cells

Answer 9

neoplastic effusion

Question 10

individual and round

Answer 10

round cells

Question 11

cell to cell
individual
round
polygonal
stuck together

Answer 11

epithelial(Carcinoma)

Question 12

matrix, individual, spindle, stellate
connective mesoderm

Answer 12

mesenchymal
matrix
fibroblast