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Infectious Disease > Immunocompromised > Flashcards

Immunocompromised Flashcards

1
Q

timing of IRIS after initiation of ART?

A

1 month

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2
Q

treatment of IRIS?

A

continue ART, treat any underlying infection, steroids

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3
Q

asplenia RF for what bugs?

A

strep pneumo, H flu, Neisseria, Babesia, plasmodium

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4
Q

PJP CD4 count?

A

<200

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5
Q

PJP diagnosis?

A

sputum, BAL, PCR Giemsa staining

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6
Q

PJP CT findings?

A

GGO periphery sparing

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7
Q

PJP tx? and alternatives?

A

Bactrim, 2- Pentamadine or Dapsone

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8
Q

indications for steroids in PJP?

A

Pa02<70, A/a gradiest >35

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9
Q

TB CD4 count?

A

<200

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10
Q

Toxoplasmosis CD4 count?

A

<100

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11
Q

Toxoplasmosis imaging findings?

A

multiple nodular, contrast enhancing lesions

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12
Q

Toxoplasmosis dx? staining?

A

CSF IgG, IgM also seen on Geimsa stain

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13
Q

Toxoplasmosis treatment?

A

Sulfadiazine, pyrimethamine, Leucavorin

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14
Q

Cryptococcus CD4?

A

<100

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15
Q

Crypto diagnosis, stain?

A

india ink, high CSF OP, latex agglutination

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16
Q

Cryptococcus treatment? maintenance?

A

amphotericin B plus flucytosine/ fluconazole

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17
Q

coccidiodes affect what body parts?

A

skin and joints

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18
Q

coccidiodes treatment?

A

ampho B plus flucytosine

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19
Q

Aspergillus CD4 count?

A

<50

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20
Q

CMV 2 types?

A

invasive and non invasive

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21
Q

Non invasive CMV signs?

A

viremia, lymphopenia, thrombocytopenia

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22
Q

Tissue invasive CMV sites?

A

chorioretinitis, pneumonitis, GI, adrenal

23
Q

CMV diagnosis? path finding?

A

PCR/owl eye inclusion bodies

24
Q

CMV treatment?

A

Ganciclovir and CMV IgG

25
Q

CMV tx duration?

A

duration of viremia or 2 weeks

26
Q

Maintenance therapy CMV?

A

oral Ganciclovir 3 months post infection

27
Q

CMV alternate treatment?

A

foscarnet

28
Q

Monotherapy for neutropenic fever?

A

antipseudomonal B lactam

29
Q

when to add vanc in neutropenic fever?

A

lines, PNA, colonization, SSTI

30
Q

when to add fungal coverage neutropenic fever? antifungal?

A

no recovery after 4-7 days of treatment/voriconazole

31
Q

Neutropenic enterocolitis location?

A

ileum, cecum, ascending colon

32
Q

Neutropenic enterocolitis symptoms?

A

fever, pain, water bloody diarrhea

33
Q

tx of neutropenic enterocolitis

A

conservative mgmt

34
Q

Rule out what other organ involvement if candidemia?

A

eye-endophalmitis

35
Q

initial treatment of candidemia?

A

Echinocandin- miafungin, caspofungin

36
Q

nocardiosis naturally found?

A

soil

37
Q

nocardia microbiology? staining?

A

gram positive thin filament, silver staining

38
Q

nocardia type of infection?

A

cavitary diasease

39
Q

nocardia treatment?

A

sulfonamides- minocycline

40
Q

VZV systems it can affect?

A

skin, vasculature, liver, lung, brain

41
Q

who is at risk for VZV infection?

A

patients with compromised cellular immunity- HIV, steroids, immunosuppression, third trimester pregnancy

42
Q

when to start ART therapy after HIV diagnosis?

A

within 2 weeks, showing to decrease progression to AIDS expect for patients who present with crypto then it should be delayed until 5 weeks

43
Q

symptoms of mucormycosis?

A

black effusions, parencyhmal disease, sinusitis

44
Q

imagingin findings more commonly found with mucor?

A

reverse halo sign

45
Q

diagnosis of mucor? microscopy findings?

A

biopsy, wide branching angles

46
Q

tx for mucor?

A

liposomal ampho B

47
Q

histoplasma significant features?

A

can invade reticuloendothelial system, high ferritin level

48
Q

disseminated histoplasma tx in severely immunocompormised?

A

liposomal ampho B for 2 weeks

49
Q

depressed cell mediated immunity(steroids use) puts you at risk for which infiections?

A

intracellular organisms- mycobacterium, listeria, nocardia, salmonella, rhodococcus

50
Q

MAC presentation?

A

chronic cough, nodular opacities with tree in bud appearance, anorexia, weight loss, in immunosuppressed patient

51
Q

tx for MAC?

A

clarithromycin, ethambutol, rifabutin

52
Q

imunocompromised with ring enhancing lesions exposed to cats?

A

toxoplasmosis

53
Q

staining for toxoplasmosis?

A

tachyzoites on giemsa stain

54
Q

iniital drug regimen for toxoplasmosis?

A

pyrimethamine, silfadiazine, leucovorin

Infectious Disease (10 decks)

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