IMMUNIZATION (2.1) Flashcards
diseases
(case description)
- newborn with history of :
1. normal suck for the first 2 days of life
2. onset of illness between 3-26 days
3. inability to suck followed by stiffness of the body and/or convulsions
OPISTHOTONOS POSITION - extended back position
Neonatal Tetanus
what is the agent of neonatal tetanus?
clostridium tetani
reservoir of neonatal tetanus?
- soil
- intestinal canals or animals (horses)
- man
sources of infection of neo tetanus
- unhygienic cutting of umbilical cord
- improper handling of cord stump (contaminated substance)
occurence of neo tetanus
- worldwide
- morbidity higher in developing countries. agricultural and underdeveloped areas where animal excreta is more likely
duration of natural immunity of neo tetanus
- no immunity induced by infection
transmissible period of neo tetanus
- susceptibility is general
- immunity can be obtained after 2 doses of tetanus toxoid at 4 weeks interval ( sa nanay to, 1mo bfr delivery)
- 3 boosters to increase antibody levels (mom)
risk factors of neo tetanus
- contamination of umbilical cord
- agricultural work
(case definition)
- liver infection, attacks liver often resulting in iflammation
Hepatitis B
what is the agent of hep b?
hepatitis B virus
what is the reservoir of hep b?
man
sources of infection of hep b
- child-child, or mother-child (aft birth)
- sharing unsterilized needles, knives, razor
- sexual intercourse
occurence of hep b
- PHIL : approx. 12% of population are chronic carriers
- most Filipinos are infected bfor 6yrs old
- some infected infants are not able to develop immunity = chronic carrier
- especially dangerous for children
duration of natural immunity of hep b
- if develops, lifelong
transmissible period of hep b
- infants born to immune mom : protected up to 5mos
- recovery from clinical attack is not always followed by lasting immunity
- immunity is acquired through inapparent infection OR complete immunization w/ diphtheria toxoid
