IMMUNIZATION (1) Flashcards

terms, legislations

1
Q

a process where a person is made immune or resistant to a disease by administration of a vaccine. it is also a tool for controlling and eliminating life-threatening diseases.

A

immunization

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2
Q

ability of the body to tolerate & eliminate foreign material.

A

immunity

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3
Q

(two basic mechanism of immunity)

  • own’s immune system. lasts for many years, often lifetime.
A

active immunity

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4
Q

(two basic mechanism of immunity)

  • produced by an animal / human. injection.
A

passive immunity

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5
Q

(type of immunity)

  • exposure
A

active natural

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6
Q

(type of immunity)

  • antigens, attenuated, rotavirus, killed, weakened toxins
A

active artificial

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7
Q

(type of immunity)

  • breastmilk (IgA)
  • placenta (igG)
A

passive natural

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8
Q

(type of immunity)

  • gamma globulin (6mos-1yr)
  • antitoxin, antiserum, serum
A

passive artificial

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9
Q

helps the immune system to recognize and fight pathogens.

A

vaccine

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10
Q

different types of vaccines

A
  1. Live-attenuated
  2. Inactivated
  3. Subunit
  4. Toxoid
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11
Q

(type of vaccine)

  • harmless germ is still alive & can replicate that will draw attention from the immune system and create a response
A

live attenuated vaccine

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12
Q

(type of vaccine)

  • germ that is dead & can’t replicate. booster shots are likely needed. adjuvants may be included.
A

inactivated vaccine

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13
Q

a molecule that is paired with a germ to cause greater immune response. useful in vaccines that has small concentrations, amounts, or immunogenicity.

A

adjuvants

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14
Q

(type of vaccine)

  • piece of germ that causes strongest response can be used.
A

subunit

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15
Q

examples of live-attenuated vaccines

A
  • bacteria : tuberculosis (BCG)
  • virus : measles, rotavirus, yellow fever ( ORAL POLIO VACCINE )
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16
Q

examples of inactivated vaccines

A
  • bacteria : whole-cell pertussis (wP)
  • virus : inactivated polio vaccine (IPV)
17
Q

example of sub-unit vaccine (PROTEIN-BASED)

A
  • bacteria : acellular pertussis (aP)
  • virus : hepatitis B (HepB)
18
Q

example of sub-unit vaccine (POLYSACCHARIDE)

A
  • pneumococcal, meningococcal, salmonella typhi
19
Q

example of sub-unit vaccine (CONJUGATE)

A
  • bacteria : haemophilius influenzae type b (HiB)
  • pneumococcal (PCV-7, PCV-10, PCV-13)
20
Q

example of toxoid vaccine

A

-bacteria : tetanus toxoid (TT)
- diphtheria toxoid

21
Q

established on 1976. ensures that infants/children and mothers have access to routinely recommended infant/childhood vaccines.

A

Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI)

22
Q

six vaccine preventable diseases that were initially included in EPI.

A
  • TB
  • Poliomyelitis
  • Diphtheria
  • Tetanus
  • Pertussis
  • Measles
23
Q

( PD NO. _____ )

  • providing compulsory basic immunization for infants and children below 8 years old.
A

PD No. 996 of 1976

24
Q

( R.A )

  • provided for compulsory immunization against hepatitis B for infants and children below 8 yrs old.
  • provided for hepatitis B immunization within 24 hrs after birth of babies of women with hepatitis B.
A

R.A 7846 of 1994

25
Q

implementing a united nations goal on universal immunity by 1990, and designating wednesdays as immunization day.

A

Presidential Proclamation No. 6 of 1996

26
Q

(R.A)

  • mandates basic immunization covering the vaccine-preventable diseases
A

R.A 10152 ( Mandatory Infants and Children Health Immunization Act of 2011)