IMMUNIZATION (1) Flashcards
terms, legislations
a process where a person is made immune or resistant to a disease by administration of a vaccine. it is also a tool for controlling and eliminating life-threatening diseases.
immunization
ability of the body to tolerate & eliminate foreign material.
immunity
(two basic mechanism of immunity)
- own’s immune system. lasts for many years, often lifetime.
active immunity
(two basic mechanism of immunity)
- produced by an animal / human. injection.
passive immunity
(type of immunity)
- exposure
active natural
(type of immunity)
- antigens, attenuated, rotavirus, killed, weakened toxins
active artificial
(type of immunity)
- breastmilk (IgA)
- placenta (igG)
passive natural
(type of immunity)
- gamma globulin (6mos-1yr)
- antitoxin, antiserum, serum
passive artificial
helps the immune system to recognize and fight pathogens.
vaccine
different types of vaccines
- Live-attenuated
- Inactivated
- Subunit
- Toxoid
(type of vaccine)
- harmless germ is still alive & can replicate that will draw attention from the immune system and create a response
live attenuated vaccine
(type of vaccine)
- germ that is dead & can’t replicate. booster shots are likely needed. adjuvants may be included.
inactivated vaccine
a molecule that is paired with a germ to cause greater immune response. useful in vaccines that has small concentrations, amounts, or immunogenicity.
adjuvants
(type of vaccine)
- piece of germ that causes strongest response can be used.
subunit
examples of live-attenuated vaccines
- bacteria : tuberculosis (BCG)
- virus : measles, rotavirus, yellow fever ( ORAL POLIO VACCINE )