Immunity Definitions Flashcards
Physical Barrier
Prevents pathogen from entering the organism. Ex; skin
Chemical Barrier
Destroys pathogens once they have entered the organism
Non- Specific Immunity
Attacks many different pathogens
Specific immunity
Is able to recognize and react to specific antigens and remember the antigen so the response is quicker next time. In blood stream
1st line of defence
Physical and chemical barriers that keep out and destroy pathogens.
2nd line of defence
Destroys pathogens that have entered the body
Interferons
Substances that virus infected cells produce, helping other cells by interfere with or resist infection by the virus interferons cannot save an infected cell but can protect uninfected cells.
Humorral Immunity
The production of antibodies and memory B cells against pathogens in the blood
Cell mediated immunity
The destruction of cells already infected by a pathogen. Creates T-Cells
Memory B-Cells
Carry out the hummoral immune response. Subsequent infections.
Memory T-Cells
Produced during first infection. Receptors detect the antigen during second infection and produce KTC.
Helper T-Cells
Recognizes antigen and sends signal to WBC and to attack
Killer T cell
Links to infected cell and kills them them by piercing a hole through the membrane
Antigen
Protein in a cell membrane that identifies that cell
Antibody
A protein in the blood that flags pathogens and infected cells for destruction.
Passive Artificial Immunity
Antibodies that come from another human or animal are injected into the body. Ex; vaccine
Natural Active Immunity
Obtained when a person is exposed to a pathogen. When the person is sick, the body will make antibodies and memory B and T cells. Ex. getting a cold
Bacteria
A unicellular microorganism with no nucleus and only one chromosome, some are pathogens.
Virus
A microscopic infectious particle processing only one type of DNA that cannot replicate without taking over another cells machinery.
Lymph
Pale yellow liquid that bathed the body cells and collects waste. It is plasma that has escaped from the capillaries and is absorbed in the lymph vessels and is returned to the circulatory state by joining the subclavian vein
Lymph Vessels
Go one direction from the body cells to the heart and contains values to prevent lymph from pooling
Plasma
Liquid that carries WBC
Blood vessel
Vessel that carries blood. Includes arteries, veins and capillaries Goes two directions.
Lymph nodes
Glands through out the body that can be found in;
Elbow, groin, neck and armpit.
Assures the filtration of bacterial.
Lymphocytes mature here
Lymphnides swell during an infection because the number of macrophages combat the invading bacteria
