Homeostasis Flashcards
Diffusion
The passive movement of small molecules across a cell membrane between phospholipids
Osmosis
The passive diffusion of water through a semipermeable membrane. Water moves from the side of high concentration to low concentration.
Active Transport
Requires energy to push molecules against their concentration gradient across a cell membrane
Passive Transport
When a molecules can pass through a cell membrane without using energy (it is a natural movement).
What are the three types of Passive Transport?
Simple Diffusion, Osmosis, Facilitated diffusion
Homeostasis
The tendency toward relative equilibrium between independent elements
Isotonic
Iso = equal.
There is an equal amount of water outside the cell and inside the cell
Hypotonic
There is less solute outside (therefor more inside) of the cell. Water will move from the high concentration outside to lower concentration inside. Cell may lyse
Hypertonic
Hyper=more
There is more solute (therefor more water) outside the cell. Water will move from a higher concentration inside to lower concentration outside.
Cell may shrink (plasmolysis)
ATP and ADP
ATP - adenosine triphosphate, energy carrier molecule.
ADP - adenosine diphophate, when ATP loses the end most phosphate group when instructed to by an enzyme
Phagocytosis
A vehicle captures small drops of liquid outside of the cell which often contains bacteria or parts of other cells
What makes up a plasma membrane?
- membrane is made up of two layers of fatty substances called phospholipids
- commonly called the phospholipid bilayer
Factors that influence the movement of molecules
Size of molecules
Concentration of molecules
Polarity of molecules
The nature of the substances
Simple diffusion
Dialysis
Facilitated diffusion
Carrier and channel proteins
