Immunity Flashcards
Blood Plasma
- 55% blood
- 90% water
- electrolytes/glucose
- 7% protein (carrys fats + water balance)
- clotting factors
Serum
plasma minus clotting factors
Hematocrit
Ratio of RBC to total blood volume
anemia affects this count
Blood composed of
white blood cells
platelets
RBC
RBC
live 120 days
1% replaced per day
NEED:
- iron
- B12
- Erythropoieten
Anemia
- low oxygen carrying
Iron deficiency anemia
- low iron, low Hb
- small cells, low Hct
Pernicious anemia
- low B12
- low RBC count
White blood cells
NEUTROPHILS
(phagocytes - eat bacteria - small)
MONOCYTES
(macrophages - big, slow, stationary)
EOSINOPHILS
(allergy response)
BASOPHILS
(histamine - vasodilator - help repair)
LYMPHOCYTES
(t and b cells)
Neurophils
WBC
phagocyte
small / fast
eat bacteria
60-70%
Monocytes
WBC
Macrophages
big / slow
2-8%
Eosinophils
WBC
allergy response
1-4%
Basophils
WBC
histamine
vasodilator
repair work
Lymphocytes
WBC
t and b cells
20-30%
platelet plug
sticky platelets
(sticky at injury site)
clots blood
Vascular spasm
constriction
“blood spasm”
clotting blood
Coagulation
formation of fibrin threads
Antigen
anything that reacts with the body
External Defenses
- Skin
- Mucous
- Acid
- Cough
- Sneeze
Inflammation
- more blood flow to injury
- INCREASE of capillary permeability
- WBC and clot factors to site
Interferon
Cytokine from infected cell - prevents infection of other cells
Natural killers
Macrophages