Immunity Flashcards
what are some differences between innate immunity and adaptive immunity?
INNATE: non specific defenses that attack foreign material
-immediate response
- doesnt distinguish between self, non self and pathogens
ADAPTIVE: specific defenses that develop to specific foreign material
-develops over time
-can distinguish between pathogens and self/non self
what is Type 1 Hypersensitivity?
think about your normal allergy reaction (immediate response, local, systemic )
-IgE mediated: Allergen activates T-helper cells to stimulate B Cells to produce antibodies
what is Type 2 Hypersensitivity?
-mostly has to do with blood (targets single cell immediately)
-antibody-mediated immune reaction in which IgG are directed to respond to small reactive molecules that become bound to cell surfaces
example: blood transfusion reactions, hemolytic disease of newborns
what is Type 3 Hypersensitivity?
immune complex mediated (delayed, local or systemic)
-circulating antigen-antibody complexes accumulate in tissues
what is Type 4 Hypersensitivity?
very similar to type 1 hypersensitivity but a longer reaction time (12ish hours)
-delayed and not mediated by antibodies
what does it mean to have an autoimmune disorder?
your immune system cannot figure out what is self vs non self so it attacks everything
what is an example of an autoimmune disorder?
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
what is Lupus?
chronic stress-related inflammatory condition that affects connective tissue
what is immunodeficiency?
anything that diminishes immunity
TRUE or FALSE: immunodeficiency means you are at a lower risk of being sick
FALSE: you are at a higher chance
what is human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)?
a virus that attacks cells that help the body fight infection , making a person more vulnerable to other infections and diseases
(most commonly spread through unprotected sex)
TRUE or FALSE: the asymptomatic phase of HIV allows the virus to reproduce for several years?
TRUE: this is how many people are unaware that they are infected
what is acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)?
when the body’s immune system is badly damaged because of the HIV virus
is there a cure for HIV and AIDS?
no but with proper medical care, HIV can be controlled and prevented (wrap it up)
what is the difference between primary immunodeficiency vs secondary immunodeficiency?
PRIMARY: congenital (born with it)
SECONDARY: due to infection, iatrogenic, cancer, splenectomy, liver disease, stress
