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Child Health > Immunisation > Flashcards

Immunisation Flashcards

1
Q

What is an example of artificial active immunisation?

A

Vaccinations

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2
Q

What is an example of natural active immunisation?

A

Normal process of a pathogen within the body and the creation of antibodies against it

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3
Q

What is natural passive immunisation?

A

Passing of IgA antibodies over breastmilk or placental transfer

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4
Q

What is natural active immunisation?

A

Injected antibodies

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5
Q

What is a live attenuated vaccine?

A

Virus which has lost its virulence is injected so that Ab can be made against it

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6
Q

Name 4 conditions which a live attenuated vaccine is given for

A

MMR
BCG
Typhoid
Rotavirus

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7
Q

What are the issues with giving live attenuated vaccines?

A

Needs to be kept at a certain temperature

Complications in immunocompromised patients

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8
Q

What is a conjugate vaccine?

A

Used for bacterial infections.

Attach the antigen to a polysaccharide carrier protein

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9
Q

Name 3 conditions which a conjugate vaccine is given for

A

Hep A
HiB
HPV

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10
Q

What are the contraindications to vaccinations?

A 
Acutely ill
Severe reaction to previous dose
Fever >39.5 within 48 hours
Anaphylaxis
Convulsion within 72 hours
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11
Q

How many injections are given at 2 months old?

A

2 injections

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12
Q

What are the injections at 2 months for?

A

1- pneumococcal

2- diptheria, tetanus, pertussis, polio and Hib (5 in 1)

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13
Q

How many injections are given at 3 months old?

A

2

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14
Q

What are the injections at 3 months for?

A

5-in-1 booster

MenC

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15
Q

How many injections at 4 months?

A

3 injections

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16
Q

What are the injections at 4 months for?

A

5 in 1 booster
Men C
pneumococcal

Repeat of all vaccines so far

17
Q

When is the next vaccine due, after 4 months?

A

Within a month of 1st birthday

18
Q

What vaccines are given at 12 months?

A

Booster of 5-in-1, MenC and pneumococcal

19
Q

When is the MMR given?

A

3 and a half to 5 years

20
Q

Where is the immunisation history kept?

A

Green book

21
Q

How does a diphtherial infection present?

A

URTI with sore throat and low grade fever.

White mucous on tonsils

22
Q

What bacteria causes a diphtheria infection?

A

Corynebacterium diptheriae

23
Q

Is Corynebacterium a gram positive or negative?

A

Positive.

Pink!

24
Q

What is the main condition caused by HiB?

A

Meningitis and septicaemia

25
Q

Which sero-group is most dangerous for meningococcal disease?

A

B

26
Q

Which vaccination protects against TB?

A

BCG

27
Q

What is the definition of eradication?

A

permanent reduction to zero of worldwide incidence

28
Q

What is the definition of elimination?

A

Reduction to zero of a disease in a geographical area

Child Health (6 decks)

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