Development Flashcards
What are the 4 general areas of development?
Gross motor
Fine motor and vision
Language and hearing
Social and play
What is a developmental delay?
Failure to attain appropriate developmental milestones for the childs age
What are the 3 groups of developmental abnormalities?
Delay
Deviation
Regression
What are developmental red flags?
Asymmetry of movement No speech by 18mnths Unable to walk by 18mnths Loss of skills Unable to sit unsupported by 12mnths
In cerebral palsy, how would a quadriplegic present?
All limbs spastic, walks on tiptoe or outside of foot.
Knees press together
What other conditions are associated with cerebral palsy?
Learning difficulties Epilepsy Sleep problems Mobility problems Visual issues
What is the autistic triad?
Social interaction
Communication
Flexibility of thought
At what stage should smiling occur?
6 weeks.
At what stage should a child be referred for delayed smiling?
8 weeks
What could a delay in smiling be a sign of?
Autism
Vision issue
Learning difficulty
When should a child be able to run and climb onto a chair?
18 months
When should a child be able to walk?
12 months
When would delayed walking be referred?
18 months
When might a child say its first word?
12 months
What needs to be checked if not walking by 18 months?
CK levels.
When could a child be expected to eat finger foods?
12 months
When should a child be transferring?
6 months
When should a child have control of its head?
3 months
What is Retts syndrome?
Genetic disorder found mostly in girls.
Regression of skills and of head size.
At what age is Rett’s syndrome picked up?
12-18 months
What endocrinological problem can be present in Down’s syndrome?
Hypothyroidism
Which cardiac problem can be present in Down’s syndrome?
ASD
What other issues can be present in Down’s syndrome?
Visual issues
Sleep apnoea
Learning difficulties
Hearing issues espec. infections
How is DMD commonly flagged up?
Speech and language delay
True or False
DMD is X linked
True
True or False
In DMD calves can be hypotrophic
False
More likely to be pseudohypertrophic
What sign in present in DMD?
Gower’s sign.
Walking up the legs from the crouching position
What is Treacher-Collins syndrome?
Absent facial bones.
Often absent bones of ear- balance issues
What kind of language do autistic children find difficult?
Abstract language -“why are you doing that?”
Anything not literal
What kind of things should be done in an examination?
Observation Head circumference Dysmorphism Vision Hearing SE
What are you looking for in a visual exam?
Red eye
Fixing and following
squinting
What size of a boys testes is consistent with the onset of puberty?
4ml
