immune_system_questions Flashcards
What is an autoimmune disorder?
An autoimmune disorder is a condition in which the immune system mistakenly attacks the body’s own tissues.
Name a common autoimmune disease.
Rheumatoid arthritis is a common autoimmune disease.
What is lupus?
Lupus is a chronic autoimmune disease that can cause inflammation and pain in any part of the body.
How are autoimmune diseases typically diagnosed?
They are diagnosed through a combination of medical history, physical exams, and lab tests such as ANA (antinuclear antibody) tests.
What is immunotherapy?
Immunotherapy is a treatment that uses certain parts of a person’s immune system to fight diseases.
What is the ICD-10 code for rheumatoid arthritis?
The ICD-10 code for rheumatoid arthritis is M06.9.
What is the purpose of immunoglobulin therapy?
Immunoglobulin therapy provides antibodies to help the immune system fight infections.
What does ICD stand for in medical coding?
ICD stands for International Classification of Diseases.
What is an allergic reaction?
An allergic reaction is an immune response to a substance that is not typically harmful.
What is the ICD-10 code for allergic rhinitis?
The ICD-10 code for allergic rhinitis is J30.9.
What is a prophylactic medication?
A prophylactic medication is used to prevent disease.
Give an example of a prophylactic medication.
Antimalarial drugs taken before travel to a malaria-endemic area.
What is the role of the immune system?
The immune system protects the body from infection and disease.
What is immunodeficiency?
Immunodeficiency is a state in which the immune system’s ability to fight infectious disease is compromised.
What is the CPT code for allergy immunotherapy?
The CPT code for allergy immunotherapy is 95165.
What is the CPT code for vaccine administration?
The CPT code for vaccine administration is 90471.
What does CPT stand for?
CPT stands for Current Procedural Terminology.
What is the ICD-10 code for systemic lupus erythematosus?
The ICD-10 code for SLE is M32.9.
What is an antigen?
An antigen is a substance that induces an immune response, often a pathogen.
What is a vaccine?
A vaccine is a substance that stimulates the production of antibodies and provides immunity against one or more diseases.
How are vaccines administered?
Vaccines are typically administered via injection, but some are oral or nasal.
What is the immune response?
The immune response is the reaction of the immune system to foreign substances.
What is anaphylaxis?
Anaphylaxis is a severe, potentially life-threatening allergic reaction.
How is anaphylaxis treated?
It is treated with an injection of epinephrine and emergency medical care.
What is a common vaccine given to children?
The MMR vaccine (measles, mumps, rubella) is commonly given to children.
What is herd immunity?
Herd immunity occurs when a large portion of a community becomes immune to a disease, reducing its spread.
What does ICD-10 code Z23 represent?
Z23 is used for encounters for immunization.
What is the function of lymph nodes?
Lymph nodes filter lymph and store white blood cells that help fight infection.
What are white blood cells?
White blood cells are immune system cells that protect the body against infections.
What is HIV?
HIV is a virus that attacks the immune system and can lead to AIDS.
How is HIV treated?
HIV is treated with antiretroviral therapy (ART).
What is a live attenuated vaccine?
It is a vaccine made from a weakened form of the germ that causes a disease.
Name a live attenuated vaccine.
The measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine.
What is a contraindication for vaccination?
A contraindication is a condition that serves as a reason to withhold a medical treatment.
What are common symptoms of allergies?
Sneezing, runny nose, itching, and rashes.
What is the ICD-10 code for HIV?
The ICD-10 code for HIV is B20.
What is the CPT code for influenza vaccine administration?
The CPT code is 90686.
What is a booster shot?
A booster shot is an additional dose of a vaccine needed periodically to ‘boost’ the immune system.
What are immunosuppressive drugs?
These are drugs that suppress or reduce the strength of the body’s immune system.
When are immunosuppressive drugs used?
They are used in autoimmune diseases and after organ transplants.
What is the role of T cells?
T cells help protect the body from infection and may help fight cancer.
What is the role of B cells?
B cells produce antibodies against antigens.
What are monoclonal antibodies?
Monoclonal antibodies are lab-made proteins that mimic the immune system’s ability to fight off harmful pathogens.
What is the CPT code for monoclonal antibody administration?
It is CPT code 96365.
What are cytokines?
Cytokines are small proteins released by cells that have a specific effect on the interactions and communications between cells.
What is the ICD-10 code for primary immunodeficiency?
It is D83.9.
What is serum sickness?
Serum sickness is a reaction similar to an allergy, triggered by proteins in antiserum.
What is passive immunity?
Passive immunity is provided when a person is given antibodies rather than producing them through their own immune system.
What is active immunity?
Active immunity results from the production of antibodies by the immune system in response to the presence of an antigen.
What is the difference between innate and adaptive immunity?
Innate immunity is the body’s first line of defense; adaptive immunity develops over time with exposure to pathogens.
