Immune system Flashcards
Mechanical protection agains bacteria
Flow of fluid, hardness of skin, perspiration, mucus,
Chemical protection
a
Microbiological
Normal flora
Defensins
Small cysteine rich cataionic proteins and function as host defense peptides
alpha defensins
leukocytes, Paneth cells
beta defensins
leukocytes, epithelial cells
PAMPs
Pathogen Associated Molecular Patterns
Nonclonal
Innate immunity, identical receptors on all cells of the same lineage.
Primary granules
MPO
Secondary granules
Lactoferrin
Most numerous.
Tertiary granules
gelatinase and metalloproteinases.
Used to enter tissues
NETS
very sticky with antimicrobial properties, nuclear material, DNA with histones
LAD
leukocyte adhesion deficiency
Interferons
cytokines expressed in response to viral infections
Induce to viral replication.
Type I interferons
Jack stat mechanism
antiviral state and enhances the killing activity of NK cells
Type II interferons
produced by NK cells, activate macrophages
Major mediators of inflamation
IL-1, IL-6 and TNF alpha
C3 convertace
CebBb
properdin
Accelerator and also a limiting factor. positive regulator of alternative pathway
Factor H and I
Inhibitors of C3b to iC3b.
C5 convertace
C3b2Bb, has affinity for C5
C8 deficiency
recurrnt infections due to lack of membrane lysis of bacteria. specially Neisseria.
IgM
pentomeric= 5 stuck together
Regulation of complement
C1 INh, DAF ( decay accelerating factor), CD59
DAF
Decay accelerating factor, regulates early, preens Bb from binding to C3b.
Problems with CD59
Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria
