Immune System

Question 1

Lymph Nodes function

Answer 1

filter lymph and help attack bacteria and viruses

Question 2

Where are immune cells produced

Answer 2

bone marrow

Question 3

Thymus

Answer 3

secretes thymosin - a hormone that stimulates pre T-cells to mature

Question 4

Spleen

Answer 4

Storage Area for blood; filters blood and lymph

Question 5

Adaptive Immunity lymphocytes

Answer 5

B-cells

T-cells

Question 6

Nonspecific immune response

Answer 6

innate

can carry out response without learning

Question 7

Types of Granulocytes

Answer 7

neutrophils
eosinophils
basophils

Question 8

Types of Agranulocytes

Answer 8

lymphocytes

moncytes

Question 9

lymphocyte

Answer 9

type of Agranulocyte
responsible for antibody production
immune system modulation
targeted killing of infected cells

Question 10

monocytes

Answer 10

type of Agranulocyte

phagocytes that travel the body picking up foreign and domestic debris

Question 11

humoral immunity

Answer 11

specific immune response driven by B-cells and anti-bodies
antibodies from B-cells bind to antigens on invader
they destroy invader directly or target it for attack

Question 12

cell-mediated immunity

Answer 12

specific immune response driven by T-cells
T-cells recognize antigens displayed on cells
Some T-cells help to activate B-cells and other T-cells

Question 13

autoimmunity

Answer 13

immune system fails to learn the distinction between self and foreign
attack self-antigens as if foreign

Question 14

How are macrophages called to a site of inflammation

Answer 14

Through histamine and other chemicals

Histamine also vasodialates allowing macrophages to enter the tissue

Question 15

Interferon

Answer 15

protein that prevents viral replication and dispersion

infected immune cells may produce it

Question 16

Innate immune cells

Answer 16

macrophage
mast cell
granulocyte
dedritic cell
natural killer cell

Question 17

Adaptive immune cells

Answer 17

B-cell

T-cell

Question 18

macrophage

Answer 18

innate immune cell that engulfs and consumes pathogen invaders

Question 19

mast cell

Answer 19

innate

releases histamine and other chemicals that promote inflammation

Question 20

granulocyte

Answer 20

innate
neutrophils, eosinophil, basophil
tiny granules (bombs) in their interior

Question 21

dendritic cell

Answer 21

innate
presents antigens - fragments of protein or other molecules from pathogens or cancer cells- to adaptive immune cells, inducing the cells to attack bearers of the displayed antigens

Question 22

natural killer cell

Answer 22

innate

destroys body’s own cells that have become infected with pathogens; it also goes after cancer cells

Question 23

b-cell

Answer 23

adaptive

antigens simulate cell to divide and produce antibodies that neutralize invaders or tag them for killing

Question 24

t-cell

Answer 24

adaptive
killer t-cell
detects the presence of antigens in infected cell
other T-cells - such as helper and regulatory types - coordinate the immune response

Question 25

immunoglobulins

Answer 25

anti-bodies

Question 26

antibody shape

Answer 26

y-shaped 2 identical heavy chains 2 identical light chains

Question 27

antigen-binding region

Answer 27

region on tips of antibody's Y-shape that binds to antigen | specific polypeptide sequences that bind to only 1 antigen

Question 28

constant region

Answer 28

involved in recruitment and binding of other immune modulators

Question 29

B-cell daughter types

Answer 29

Plasma cells | Memory cells

Question 30

plasma cells

Answer 30

B-cells that produces lots of anti-bodies | eventually die

Question 31

memory cells

Answer 31

B-cells stay in lymph nodes will use upon re-exposure to same antigen may last lifetime of organism

Question 32

primary response

Answer 32

initial activation to exposure | takes 7 - 10 days

Question 33

secondary response

Answer 33

rapid and robust

Question 34

T-cell types

Answer 34

helper suppressor killer

Question 35

Helper t-cells

Answer 35

also called T4 cells coordinate immune response secrete lymphokines

Question 36

killer (cytotoxic) t-cells

Answer 36

kill virally infected cells by secreting toxic chemicals

Question 37

suppressor t-cells

Answer 37

tone down immune response once infection has been adequately contained

Question 38

immunosuppressants

Answer 38

drugs that can prevent activation of the immune system

Question 39

active immunity

Answer 39

immune system stimulated to produce antibodies

Question 40

passive immunity

Answer 40

given the anti-bodies directly

Question 41

lymphatic system

Answer 41

type of circulatory system one way vessels that become larger as they move toward center of body (heart) venous system vessels carry lymphatic fluid and join to comprise a large thoracic duct in the chest

Question 42

lacteals

Answer 42

lymphatic vessels collect fats in the form of chylomicrons from the villi in the small intestine deliver them into bloodstream, bypassing liver

Question 43

lymph nodes

Answer 43

nodes with immune cells (primarily B-cells)